Agriculture is the process of managing plant communities to obtain useful materials from the small set of species we call crops. Weeds comprise the “other” set of plant species found in agroecosystems. Although they are not intentionally sown, weed species are well adapted to environments dominated by humans and have been associated with crop production since the origins of agriculture (Harlan,...

A 2-year field study in Lexington, Ky., evaluated weed control efficacy and infl uence on yields of several organic mulches in two organically managed bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) production systems. Five weed control treatments [straw, compost, wood chips, undersown white dutch clover (Trifolium repens) “living mulch,” and the organically approved herbicide corn gluten] were applied to two pr...

Understanding the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on soybean-weed competition is essential for establishing a practical tool N application and weed management. A two-year field experiment was conducted in soybean located Bogatyrka (43.82° N, 131.6° E), Primorsky krai, Russia, to investigate multiple-weed interference (Glycine max) yield model these effects. Soybean loss caused by multiple we...

Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive weed in Europe with highly allergenic pollen. Populations are currently well established and cause significant health problems in the French Rhône valley, Austria, Hungary and Croatia but transient or casual introduced populations are also found in more Northern and Eastern European countries. A process-based model of weed growth, competition and populatio...

experiment was conducted in 2011 to evaluate the efficacy of reduced herbicide rates in combination with false seedbed for selective weed control in common bean. the experiment was carried out with a completely randomized factorial design. factors were herbicide dose (post-emergence application of imazethapyr at the rates of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g a.i. ha-1) and seedbed preparation (false see...

Allelopathy and competition are components of plant-plant interactions, delimiting the level interference. Understanding this interaction has practical applications in agriculture. Crop cultivars possessing high allelopathic ability competitive traits themselves tools for sustainable weed management, enabling reduced use herbicides. Greenhouse field experiments were conducted to assess suppress...

Various mutations altering the herbicide target site (TS), can lead to structural modifications that decrease binding efficiency and results in herbicide resistant weed. In most cases, such a mutation will be associated with ecological fitness penalty under herbicide free environmental conditions. Here we describe the effect of various mutations, endowing resistance to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (A...

(1) Background: Weed control decreases the competition for nutrients, but also potential of increased phosphorus (P) mobilization in soils caused by higher plant diversity. (2) Methods: Impacts weed species under maize on mycorrhizal colonization and plant-availability P were investigated two pot experiments. Plant traits tested weed-free mixed growth with six annual species. (3) Results: Growt...

The success of precision agriculture relies largely on our ability to identify how the plants’ growth limiting factors vary in time and space. In the field, several stress factors may occur simultaneously, and it is thus crucial to be able to identify the key limitation, in order to decide upon the correct contra-action, e.g., herbicide application. We performed a pot experiment, in which sprin...