Legal sanctions, whether administered by the courts or by State licensing agencies, NC central to deterrence-based policies for reducing alcohol-impaired driving. They are the punishments threatened in support of the law’s mandate. Examples are fines, license actions such as suspension and revocation, jail sentences, and alternatives such as community service. Deterrence theory posits that sanc...

In relational semantics, the input-output semantics of a program is a relation on its set of states. We generalize this in considering elements of Kleene algebras as semantical values. In a nondeterministic context, the demonic semantics is calculated by considering the worst behavior of the program. In this paper, we concentrate on while loops. Calculating the semantics of a loop is difficult,...

Whereas the analysis of loops in imperative programs is, justifiably, dominated by the concept of invariant assertion, we submit a related but different concept, of invariant relation, and show how it can be used to compute or approximate the function of a while loop. We also introduce the concept of invariant function, which is used to generate a broad class of invariant relations.

Context Regulation of the availability of alcohol has been found to be a very important factor in alcohol impaired driving, as well as other alcohol related problems. Such factors as minimum purchase age for alcohol, the density and location of alcohol outlets, and alcohol service and sales practices have all been found to be related to impaired driving. Recent research has added to knowledge a...

For many decades, elevated androgens in women have been associated with poor reproductive health. However, recent studies have shown that androgens play a crucial role in women's fertility. The following review provides an overall perspective about how androgens and androgen receptor-mediated actions regulate normal follicular development, as well as discuss emerging concepts, latest perception...

This article reports the findings of an experiment designed to evaluate the effect of four questionnaire formats on the willingness of drivers convicted of drunken driving to admit to this socially undesirable behaviour. Four samples of convicted drunk drivers each received a different version of a mail questionnaire about driving behaviour and attitudes. Two versions of the questionnaire inclu...

ECAUSE Marcuse did not surface as a semi-popular social critic till the 1960s during the time of mounting and, for awhile, hopeful social protest, he is often assumed to be a spokesman for the protestors. Indeed, some of his writings in the sixties (most notably his Essay on Liberation) directly addressed the protest movement. Moreover, as protest in the U.S. subsided in the seventies, Marcuse ...

Design Principles Meet the Real World The main reason, IAB argued, that it favored CLNP was that it was necessary for the Internet to ® nd a solution very soon (IAB, 1992a, p. 14). CLNP is a protocol that a is already speci® ed, and several implementations existo so it a will avoid design of a new protocol from scratch, a process that would consume valuable time and delay testing and deployment...