[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cervical stabilization exercises on the electromyographic activity of the shoulder stabilizers in normal adults. [Subjects] In the present study, 20 normal adults were divided into an experimental group (EG, n=10) that performed cervical stabilization exercises and shoulder stabilization exercises and a control group (CG, ...

One of the most basic tools in the theory of automorphic forms is the truncation operator, first defined in [Langlands: 1966] but elaborated in later work of Jim Arthur (particularly [Arthur: 1978] and [Arthur: 1980]). In spite of its fundamental nature, there are many mysteries about it. In this article I’ll not dispel many of these, but I’ll at least motivate its definition by relating it to ...

(a) Consider a random assignment α where every variable is set independently and with probability 12 to either 0 or 1. The probability that a 3-clause is not satis ed by α is 1 8 , which is the case when all its literals evaluate to zero. Therefore, the probability that a clause is satis ed is 1− 18 = 7 8 . Let Xi be the indicator variable for the event that clause i is satis ed by the random a...

BACKGROUND Exercise benefits patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain; however, the most effective type of exercise remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study compared outcomes after motor control exercises, sling exercises, and general exercises for low back pain. DESIGN This was a randomized controlled trial with a 1-year follow-up. SETTING The study was conducted in a primary care se...

Abdominal exercises, such as sit ups and leg lifts, are used to enhance strength of the core muscles. An overlooked aspect of abdominal exercises is the compression the abdomen, leading to increased diaphragmatic work. We hypothesized that core exercises would produce a variety of transdiaphragmatic pressures. We also sought to determine if some of the easy exercises would produce pressures suf...

Williams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion on chromosome 7q11.23, resulting in atypical brain structure and function, including abnormal morphology of the corpus callosum. An influence of handedness on the size of the corpus callosum has been observed in studies of typical individuals, but handedness has not been taken into account in studies of c...

Digital exercises were designed and developed for food chemistry education. During the design process, design requirements were described for such exercises. The exercises were evaluated in three case studies, firstly to determine whether the exercises satisfy the design requirements with respect to students’ use and secondly to provide insight into the effect of the course structure and organi...