Natural wind is stochastic, being characterized by its speed and direction which change randomly and frequently. Because of the certain lag in control systems and the yaw body itself, wind turbines cannot be accurately aligned toward the wind direction when the wind speed and wind direction change frequently. Thus, wind turbines often suffer from a series of engineering issues during operation,...

This article describes the 11-year wave simulation (1992-2002) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman using the input data derived from European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The ECMWF 10 meter wind field and spectral wave boundary condition at 18 ْN degree are input into one of the latest versions of numerical wave models (3rd generation) after a few local modifications. ...

The ANN-based mesoscale-microscale coupling model forecasts wind speed and wind direction with high accuracy for wind parks located in complex terrain onshore, yet some weather regimes remains unresolved and forecast of such events failing. The model's generalization improved significantly when categorization information added as an input. The improved model is able to resolve extreme events an...

To analyze the correlations of summer anoxia/ hypoxia in the Chesapeake Bay with watershed input and wind conditions, statistics were applied to nearly three decades of monitoring data. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariate regression analysis, and cluster analysis indicate that anoxia/hypoxia has a strong positive correlation with nutrient load and a moderate negative c...

This paper presents a new ocean wind vector measurement technique that uses the combined passive and active microwave measurements respectively from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and the Precipitation Radar (PR). The wind speed is inferred by TMI over a wide swath that includes the narrower PR swath. The PR scans cross-track ± 18°; and near the swath edge...

Sea surface wind affects the fluxes of energy, mass and momentum between the atmosphere and ocean, and therefore regional and global weather and climate. With various satellite microwave sensors, sea surface wind can be measured with large spatial coverage in almost all-weather conditions, day or night. Like any other remote sensing measurements, sea surface wind measurement is also indirect. T...

air pollution is a challenging issue in some of the large cities in developing countries. air quality monitoring and interpretation of data are two important factors for air quality management in urban areas. several methods exist to analyze air quality. among them, we applied the dynamic neural network (tdnn) and radial basis function (rbf) methods to predict the concentrations of ground-level...

Wind shear, which refers to sudden and sustained changes in the wind direction and speed, could be hazardous to aviation. Windshear is rather difficult to predict due to its transient and sporadic nature. Moreover, the causes of wind shear may be different at different airports. In some places it is caused by microbursts, while in other places wind shear may result from meso-scale weather pheno...