The standard model of markets for illicit drugs predicts that tougher enforcement against sellers will raise prices; yet cocaine and heroin prices have fallen substantially during a period of massive increases in enforcement. We present a model in which the basic mechanisms at work in the textbook model may be substantially altered by an important feature of illegal markets— violence that creat...

Memory T cells respond in several functionally different ways from naive T cells and thus function as efficient effector cells. In this study we showed that primed T cells were more resistant to Fas-mediated activation-induced cell death (AICD) than naive T cells using OVA-specific TCR transgenic DO10 mice and Fas-deficient DO10 lpr/lpr mice. We found that apoptosis was efficiently induced in a...

INTRODUCTION Most US smokers do not use evidence-based interventions as part of their quit attempts. Quitlines and Web-based treatments may contribute to reductions in population-level tobacco use if successfully promoted. Currently, few states implement sustained media campaigns to promote services and increase adult smoking cessation. This study examines the effects of Florida's tobacco cessa...

Two common MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) have been implicated in the etiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate (nsCL/P). To investigate the genotype association among nsCL/P in the Turkish population, 56 case-parent trios were recruited into the study. Genotype frequencies were compared to two groups of controls from the same population. A total of 46 case-parent trios were includ...

OBJECTIVES We describe rates of success for two-stage revision of prosthetic joint infection (PJI), including data on reimplantation microbiology. METHODS We retrospectively collected data from all the cases of PJI that were managed with two-stage revision over a 4 year period. Patients were managed with an antibiotic-free period before reimplantation, in order to confirm, clinically and micr...

Introduction  Cleft lip and cleft palate can result in impairments in communication, specifically in hearing, making the use of technological resources such as blogs a fundamental guideline for health professionals. Objective  The aim of this study was to prepare and analyze the access to a blog about cleft lip and cleft palate and hearing as a pedagogical tool for health professionals. Methods...

Resource misallocation can lower aggregate total factor productivity (TFP). We use micro data on manufacturing establishments to quantify the potential extent of misallocation in China and India compared to the U.S. Compared to the U.S., we measure sizable gaps in marginal products of labor and capital across plants within narrowly-defined industries in China and India. When capital and labor a...

Introduction Whole-farm analysis of alternative lactation regimes Case study farm number one Description of farming system one Whole-farm results of farming system one Case study farm number two Description of farming system two Whole-farm results of farming system two General discussion of results Conclusions References Appendix Abstract. This paper deals with the economic analysis and managem...

2009); the catalytic activities of PTPs have been estimated to be 10to 1000-fold higher than that of tyrosine kinases (discussedby Fischer et al., 1991). Another contributing factor is the activity of inhibitory kinases such as Csk, which also constrain T cell activation (Schoenborn et al., 2009). Progress in understanding TCR triggering will require the teasing apart of these and other competi...

Successful dairy producers must have accurate and reliable records to make sound management decisions. The Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) program provides a comprehensive herd analysis and management report that includes information concerning production, reproduction, genetics, herd health, animal and feed inventory, and finances. The data can be used to improve efficiency of milk production by ...