OBJECTIVE To assess the ability to detect and characterize middle ear effusion in children using A-mode ultrasonography. DESIGN Prospective nonblinded comparison study. SETTING Tertiary children's hospital. PATIENTS Forty children (74 ears) scheduled to undergo bilateral myringotomy with pressure equalization tube placement. INTERVENTIONS Before myringotomy, ultrasound examination of th...

Cholesteatoma is a destructive lesion involving the temporal bone, which may induce severe complications due to its expansion and erosion of adjacent structures. Bacterial biofilm plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many otolaryngologic inflammatory/infectious chronic diseases. In this pilot study, we investigated, by means of cultural examination and with scanning electron microscope, ...

Objective: Much interest centers on whether middle ear effusion (MEE) early in life has lasting developmental consequences. It was hypothesized that episodic loss of hearing acuity associated with MEE results in a deficit in attention, a core factor in the development of child behavior problems, and that impaired attention is related to behavior problems during the early years of childhood. Met...

Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common childhood diseases. OM can arise when a viral infection enables bacteria to disseminate from the nasopharynx to the middle ear. Here, we provide the first infant murine model for disease. Mice coinfected with Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza virus had high bacterial load in the middle ear, middle ear inflammation, and hearing loss. In contrast, ...

Otitis media with effusion (glue ear) is the most frequent cause of deafness in children. We investigated the role of gastric juice reflux in this disease. We measured pepsin concentrations in middle ear effusions from children using ELISA and enzyme activity assays. 45 (83%) of 54 effusions contained pepsin/pepsinogen at concentrations of up to 1000-fold greater than those in serum. Our data s...

different stages in the long-drawn-out quarrels over status. If "vagabond" and "charlatan" are all-purpose accusations, was it just Lange who moved against Jews and renegade monks? The collection as a whole is to be welcomed: but two minor complaints to end. Nutton writes in the Preface that he has taken the opportunity to correct some minor typographical errors and to add a small selection of ...

autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (aps) type 2 is characterized by the presence of addison's disease, in association with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus. aps type 2 occurs most often in middle aged females and is rare in children. here an 11 year old boy is reported with addison's disease who developed symptom's of diabetes mellitus, goiter, malabsorption, macrocytic...