The review highlights the poverty alleviation programmes of the government in the post-economic reform era to evaluate the contribution of these programmes towards reducing poverty in the country. The poverty alleviation programmes are classified into (i) self-employment programmes; (ii) wage employment programmes; (iii) food security programmes; (iv) social security programmes; and (v) urban p...

Poverty, parasitosis and HIV/AIDS are closely interlinked and co-circulate in many populations. HIV/AIDS, parasitic infections like malaria and other opportunistic infections, and in a few are by far the commonest causes of ill-health and death in the poorest countries of the world, that happen to be in the tropics and temperate countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. Parasitic infections...

MARTIN RAVALLION is a leading economist in the research of poverty and policies for fighting it. Ravallion is best known for his proposal of the ‘$1 per day’ poverty line, which became widely accepted as a universal measurement for monitoring progress against global poverty. He has done extensive research on poverty, linking economic policies to the welfare of poor people, and the evaluation of...

Poverty has been shown to negatively influence child health and development along a number of dimensions. For example, poverty-net of a variety of potentially confounding factors-is associated with increased neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates, greater risk of injuries resulting from accidents or physical abuse/neglect, higher risk for asthma, and lower developmental scores in a range of ...

Reducing insecurity: The principal objective of income transfers? Tax treatment of families in modern industrial countries: The role of the NIT

While most of the world has enjoyed exponential economic growth, more than one-sixth of the world is today roughly as poor as their ancestors were many generations ago. Widely accepted general explanations for the persistence of such poverty have been elusive and are needed by the international development community. Building on a well-established model of human infectious diseases, we show how...

This paper critically analyses the views of poverty adopted by different economic schools of thought which are relevant to the UK, as well as eclectic theories focused on social exclusion and social capital. We contend that each of the economic approaches has an important contribution to make to the understanding of poverty but that no theory is sufficient in itself; a selective synthesis is ne...

This paper reviews recent evidence on the trends in household well-being in Africa during the 1990s. It draws on the findings of a series of studies on poverty dynamics which utilize the better data sets now available. It begins by taking a broad view of poverty, tracing changes in both income poverty and in other more direct measures of individual welfare. Experiences have been varied: some co...

According to Ravallion1 84 % of China’s population lived below the international poverty line of $1.25 per day in 1981, when only four countries, Cambodia, Burkina Faso, Mali and Uganda had a higher headcount index than China. However, The Economist (Jun 1st 2013) shows that China pulled 680 million people out of misery and reduced its extreme-poverty rate to 10% through economic growth in the ...