Hybrid discrete-continuous models, such as Jump Markov Linear Systems, are convenient tools for representing many real-world systems; in the case of fault detection, discrete jumps in the continuous dynamics are used to model system failures. Stochastic uncertainty in hybrid systems arises in both the continuous dynamics, in the form of uncertain state estimation, disturbances or uncertain mode...

the present article investigates the stress pattern system of central sarawani balochi (csb), spoken in sarawan located in sistan and baluchestan province of the islamic republic of iran, based on metrical theory as developed in hayes (1995). correspondingly, the present research illustrates the position of primary and secondary stress in mono-morphemic words, verbal paradigms, compound words, ...

We present a Liouville-string approach to confinement in four-dimensional gauge theories, which extends previous approaches to include non-conformal theories. We consider Liouville field theory on world sheets whose boundaries are the Wilson loops of gauge theory, which exhibit vortex and spike defects. We show that world-sheet vortex condensation occurs when the Wilson loop is embedded in four...

The fundamental principle of the theory of possible worlds is that a proposition p is possible if and only if there is a possible world at which p is true. In this paper we present a valid derivation of this principle from a more general theory in which possible worlds are defined rather than taken as primitive. The general theory uses a primitive modality and axiomatizes abstract objects, prop...

String duality suggests a fascinating juxtoposition of world-volume and target-space dynamics. This is particularly apparent in the D-brane description of stringy solitons that forms a major focus of this article (which is not intended to be a comprehensive review of this extensive subject). The article is divided into four sections: • The oligarchy of string world-sheets • p-branes and world-v...

introduction:the human being always attempts to find a way to improve his physical and mental abilities. history shows that, despite the many promotions in every branch of science and technology, we cannot see much improvement in thinking abilities. with the advent of the iinternet and www, many thought that the problem will be solved. but nowadays we can see that the main problem remains: the ...