Stress strongly inhibits proliferation of granule cell precursors in the adult dentate gyrus, whereas voluntary running has the opposite effect. Few studies, however, have examined the possible effects of these environmental manipulations on the maturation and survival of young granule cells. We examined the number of surviving granule cells and the proportion of young neurons that were functio...

UNLABELLED The hippocampal dentate gyrus is critically involved in learning and memory. However, methods for imaging the activity of its principal neurons, the dentate gyrus granule cells, are missing. Here we demonstrate chronic two-photon imaging of granule cell population activity in awake mice using a cortical window implant that leaves the hippocampal formation intact and does not lead to ...

Morphologic studies have demonstrated a process by which alpha-granule contents are released from platelets. Studies aimed at defining the molecular mechanisms of this release have demonstrated that SNARE proteins are required for alpha-granule secretion. These observations raise the possibility that morphologic features of alpha-granule secretion may be influenced by the subcellular distributi...

The weaver mutation impairs migration of the cerebellar granular neurons and induces neuronal death during the first two weeks of postnatal life. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for the impaired neuronal migration, we investigated the rescue mechanisms of the weaver (wv/wv) granule neurons in vitro. We found that Fab2 fragments of antibodies against a neurite outgrowth domain of the B2 ch...

In the eyes of teleosts and amphibians, melanin pigment granules of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) migrate in response to changes in light conditions. In the light, pigment granules disperse into the cells' long apical projections, thereby shielding the rod photoreceptor outer segments and reducing their extent of bleach. In darkness, pigment granules aggregate towards the base of the RPE...

Computed tomography (CT) of the pancreas shows specific images in cases of pancreatitis or malignant tumors. However. precise a nalysis of CT images of the pancreas in other diseases or in normal individuals has not been made. After an extensive study on the pancreatic CT images of patients without liver cirrhosis. gall stones. diahetes mellitus. malignant tumors or pancreatitis. we reponed tha...

Previous studies of wild-type mice or mutant-wild-type mouse chimeras using the neurological mutant staggerer have supported a numerical matching hypothesis for target-related cell death. However, analyses of chimeras of a second neurological mutant, lurcher, have suggested that there may be significant flexibility in the relationship between the numbers of pre- and postsynaptic neurons. Wherea...

The mammalian cerebellum is a highly multimodal structure, receiving inputs from multiple sensory modalities and integrating them during complex sensorimotor coordination tasks. Previously, using cell-type-specific anatomical projection mapping, it was shown that multimodal pathways converge onto individual cerebellar granule cells (Huang et al., 2013). Here we directly measure synaptic current...

We found that membrane-less protein condensates, such as of P-granule LAF1, are able to provide an additional vehicle regulate storage and transport membrane-associated signaling proteins K-Ras4B the lipid membrane.

Platelets contain two main types of secretory organelles, the dense granules and the alpha-granules. P-selectin, a specific receptor for leukocytes that is present in the alpha-granule membrane, has also been demonstrated to be associated with the dense granule limiting membrane, showing that a relationship exists between these two types of secretory granules. We have previously shown that the ...