Eukaryotic cells coordinate cell size with cell division by regulating the length of the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. In fission yeast, the length of the G1 phase depends on a precise balance between levels of positive (cig1, cig2, puc1, and cdc13 cyclins) and negative (rum1 and ste9-APC) regulators of cdc2. Early in G1, cyclin proteolysis and rum1 inhibition keep the cdc2/cyclin complex...

In the course of making antibodies against various yeast (S. cerevisiae) proteins, we have noted that it is common to observe reactivity of rabbit sera with a number of extraneous bands on Western transfers of yeast proteins. The pattern of reactive bands can change within a period of weeks, even when the rabbit has not been injected with antigen. A simple method of affinity purification, using...

Interactions between proteins are central to most biological processes; consequently, understanding the latter requires identification of all possible protein interactions within a cell. To extend the range of existing assays for the detection of protein interactions, we present a novel genetic screening assay, the cytosolic yeast two-hybrid system (cytoY2H), which is based on the split-ubiquit...

When soil inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability is low, plants upregulate Pi starvation response (PSR) genes to maintain Pi-homeostasis. Recent evidence shows that inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs), energy-rich molecules have seven and eight groups (InsP7 InsP8), aid in PSR gene regulation. InsP8 levels are controlled by conserved enzymes add or remove group from its precursors. In yeast, Siw1...

objective: the secreted aspartic proteinases (sap2) of candida albicans has prominent role on candida adherence, invasion, and pathogenicity. the aim of this study was cloning, expression and characterizing of sap2 enzyme. also in this study for the first time, the expression system p. pasturis was used for expressing the recombinant protein. materials and methods: c. albicans sap2 gene was am...

Yeast immobilization with low-cost carrier materials is a suitable strategy to optimize the fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates for production second-generation (2G) ethanol. It defined as physical confinement intact cells certain region space (the carrier) preservation their biological activity. This technological approach facilitates promising strategies bioethanol due enhancement pe...

Aroma compounds are important in the food and beverage industry, as they contribute to quality of fermented products. Yeasts produce several aroma during fermentation. In recent decades, production many by yeasts obtained through adaptive laboratory evolution has become prevalent, due consumer demand for yeast strains industry. This review presents general aspects yeast, focuses on advances enh...

microtubules are unique cytoskeletal structures that have structural subunits of αβ tubulin. taxol is a typical microtubule stabilizing drug. the epothilones are other natural products with similar mechanism of action totaxol. despite the highly conserved nature of β-tubulin, some organism like saccharomyces cerevesia is resistance to taxol, but sensitive to epothilones. in order to find differ...

The C-C bond formation is an important reaction in organic synthesis to obtain value-added intermediates. Therefore, in this paper an attempt has been made to accelerate the Henry reaction (C-C bond formation) between aryl aldehydes and nitromethane using less expensive whole cell biocatalyst, baker’s yeast (BY). The scope of the methodology was also tested for the heteryl aldehyde i.e. 2-chlor...