the significant reduction of bollworm infestation by the implementation of integrated pest management (ipm) in bt cotton as a component of ipm led to reduction in bollworm infestation and increase in yield. however, these alterations have brought in many new biotic problems hitherto unknown or of little economic importance. field survey of rainfed bt cotton fields in perambalur district of tami...

Catalytic graphitization for (14)C-accelerator mass spectrometry ((14)C-AMS) produced various forms of elemental carbon. Our high-throughput Zn reduction method (C/Fe = 1:5, 500 degrees C, 3 h) produced the AMS target of graphite-coated iron powder (GCIP), a mix of nongraphitic carbon and Fe(3)C. Crystallinity of the AMS targets of GCIP (nongraphitic carbon) was increased to turbostratic carbon...

Aqueous extraction of basil seed mucilage was optimized using response surface methodology. A Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) for modeling of three independent variables: temperature (40-91 °C); extraction time (1.6-3.3 h) and water/seed ratio (18:1-77:1) was used to study the response for yield. Experimental values for extraction yield ranged from 7.86 to 20.5 g/100 g. Extraction yie...

This study considers the feasibility of using highly oxygenated and volatile pyrolysis oils from biomass wastes as sustainable liquid fuels for conversion to a hydrogen-rich syngas using the chemical looping reforming process in a packed bed. Pine oil and palm empty fruit bunches oil‘EFB’were investigated with a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst doubling as oxygen transfer material (OTM). The effect of molar s...

The responses to low red light/far-red light (R/FR) ratios simulating dense stands were evaluated in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) cultivars released at different times in the 20th century and consequently resulting from an increasingly prolonged breeding and selection history. While tillering responses to the R/FR ratio were unaffected by the cultivars, low R/FR ratios reduced grain yield per pl...

The spontaneous reactivation yield of acidic phospholipase A2 (APLA2), a protein containing seven disulfide bonds, after reduction and denaturation in guanidine hydrochloride is very low. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) markedly increases the reactivation yield and prevents the aggregation of APLA2 during refolding in a redox buffer containing GSH and GSSG. S-methylated PDI (mPDI), with no is...

The results of the four trials to determine the effects of different defoliation treatments on garlic yield, carried out in the Central Ebro Valley (Spain), are presented. Four defoliation levels of 0 (control), 33, 66 and 100% were applied at seven different developmental stages. The results demonstrate a close relationship between yield reduction and the defoliation treatment in ̄icted. The hi...

in order to evaluation the effect of mixed cropping on yield and agronomical characteristics of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties, a field experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out at city of mahvelat in khorasan razavi province, iran, during growing season of 2007-2008. treatments including five sole cultures of conventional wheat cultiv...