osteochondritis dissecans (ocd) is a common joint disorder in knee, ankle and elbow, however it can be rarely found in glenohumeral joint. in this study, we report an asymptomatic case of humeral head ocd, which was detected incidentally following a trauma. x-rays showed an area of lucency around an oval bony fragment measuring about 1 cm on the superior aspect of the humeral head. however, the...

background appropriate treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation is controversial. acroplate fixation is one of the most common treatment methods of acromioclavicular joint (acj) dislocation. based on the risk of re-dislocation after acroplate fixation, we assumed that combined fixation with an acroplate and a coracoclavicular screw helps improve the outcome. objectives the main purpose ...

introduction: there are differences in the pattern of the knee joint formation of the studied species. according to the small number of studies which focused chronologically on the avian knee histomorphogenetic events, its “morphogenetic pattern” is hard to be proposed. the present work was designed to identify the sequential events of the knee formation in the partridge embryo. regarding to di...

previous in vitro work on rabbit knee joint vessels showed that vasoconstrictor effects of nerve stimulation and administration of α-adrenoceptor agonists were mediated predominantly by α1-adrenoceptors5,9 the present experiments were performed to assess the nature of α-adrenoceptor subtypes within these blood vessels in vivo. dose/response relationships for adrenaline and noradrenaline produce...

Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) upregulation in stromal cells of joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis may lead to higher tissue angiotensin II that is a vasoconstrictor and mitogen factor. To date, the role of angiotensin II on regulating blood flow in inflamed joints has not been studied. Methods: Acute and chronic joint inflammation was induced in rabbits by intra-articular...

joint pain is one of the most common complaints with many possible causes.some medicines used for joint pain relief such as nsaids have substantial and frequent side effects. topical route possibly reduces adverse reactions by maximizing local delivery and minimizing systemic toxicity. throughout history, plants have been the most important sources of medicines for human health and iranian trad...

conclusion lower back pain is a major healthcare issue and this review article will help educate the pain practitioners about the current evidence based treatment options. results this review article describes the most common modalities available to an interventional pain physician along with the most relevant current and past references for the treatment of lower back pain. all the graphics an...

in order to study the development of knee joint in absence of movement; mouse limb buds were separated from 15 days old embryos and cultured in ham's f-io medium conditioned with 37°c and 5% co2 for 1 to 6 days. the medium was renewed every 24h during incubation. after 6 days, specimens were fixed by buin's fluid, embedded in paraffin wax, serially sectioned and stained with h&e.; the...

Objectives: Joint attention is one of the most important prerequisite of language and social development. There are two types of joint attention, Initiating joint attention and Responding to joint attention. This study examined the development of responding to joint attention in typically developing children in 8-30 month. Methods: this study was cross-sectional. 61 children (40 female and 2...

In this paper standing balance control of a biped with toe-joint is presented. The model consists of an inverted pendulum as the upper body and the foot contains toe-joint. The biped is actuated by two torques at ankle-joint and toe-joint to regulate the upper body in upright position. To model the interaction between foot and the ground, configuration constraints are defined and utilized. To s...