The autofluorescent lipofuscin that accumulates in retinal pigment epithelial cells with age may contribute to an age-related decline in cell function. The major lipofuscin fluorophore, A2E, is a pyridinium bisretinoid. We previously proposed that the biogenesis of A2E involves the following: (i) formation of the Schiff base, N-retinylidene phosphatidylethanolamine from all-trans-retinal and ph...

Light stimulates phospholipase A2 activity in rod outer segments (ROS) of bovine retina as measured by the liberation of arachidonate from phosphatidylcholine, in in vitro assays of dark-adapted ROS. A role for GTP-binding proteins (G or N proteins) in the light activation of phospholipase A2 is suggested by the capacity for guanosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) to activate phospholip...

Annexin A2, a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, is abundantly expressed in alveolar type II cells where it plays a role in lung surfactant secretion. Nevertheless, little is known about the details of its cellular pathways. To identify annexin A2-regulated or associated proteins, we silenced endogenous annexin A2 expression in rat alveolar type II cells by RNA interference and ass...

Two isoforms of arginase, A1 and A2, were found in rat liver, submaxillary gland and kidney as well as beef kidney. In beef liver, however, A2 was the only detectable form. Two additional forms, A3 and A4, found only in rat kidney were probably artifactitious. A1 and A2 exhibited chromatographic and immunological microheterogeneity. While A1 in rat liver and submaxillary gland was excluded by D...

Antiserum specific for influenza A2 neuraminidase was produced by immunization of rabbits with the purified enzyme which had been isolated by electrophoresis from the proteins of a detergent-disrupted AoA2 influenza virus recombinant [X-7 (Fl)]. This recombinant contained hemagglutinin of the Ao subtype and A2 neuraminidase. Antiserum to the isolated A2 neuraminidase did not react in any of fou...

Pancreatic phospholipase A2 and non-pancreatic ascitic phospholipases A2 were studied in sera of healthy individuals and of patients suffering from sepsis or acute pancreatitis. In gel filtration experiments, immunoreactive ascitic phospholipase A2, as determined in serum by a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, eluted either unassociated with an apparent M(r) of 10,000-14,000 or associated with p...

The A2 allele of the CYP17 gene has been thought to be associated with increased functional activity of this steroidogenic enzyme. Consequently, the A2 allele has been examined as a biomarker of individual susceptibility to hormone-related diseases among men and women. We prospectively assessed the association between the A2 allele of CYP17 and prostate cancer risk among 590 cases and 782 contr...

This paper has no novel learning or statistics: it is concerned with making a wide class of preexisting statistics and learning algorithms computationally tractable when faced with data sets with massive numbers of records or attributes. It briefly reviews the static AD-tree structure of Moore and Lee (1998), and offers a new structure with more attractive properties: (1) the new structure scal...

While the naive factorization assumption works well for many two-body nonleptonic B meson decay modes, the recent measurement of B̄ → D(∗)0M0 withM = π, ρ and ω shows large deviation from this assumption. We analyze the B → D(∗)M decays in the perturbative QCD approach based on kT factorization theorem, in which both factorizable and nonfactorizable contributions can be calculated in the same fr...

While the factorization assumption works well for many two-body nonleptonic B meson decay modes, the recent measurement of B̄ → D(∗)0M0 with M = π, ρ and ω shows large deviation from this assumption. We analyze the B → D(∗)M decays in the perturbative QCD approach based on kT factorization theorem, in which both factorizable and nonfactorizable contributions can be calculated in the same framewo...