It is a fact of great interest that when 131I-thyroxine and 131I-triiodothyronine are exogenously given, they are highly concentrated in the anterior hypothalamus, median eminence, and hypophysis. Schittenhelm and Eisler (1932) already found that the intravenous injection of 1.0mg/kg of thyroxine (T4) into dogs, cats and rabbits elevated iodine concentration in the tuber cinereum 10times. Since...

Defective apoptotic program due to the overexpression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane may be a cause of the poor response of malignant pheochromocytoma to 131I-MIBG therapy. We report a case of malignant pheochromocytoma which showed early intense uptake and immediate rapid washout of 99mTc-tetrofosmin characterizing the overexpression of anti-apoptotic B...

The basic sensitivity of the Limulus test and the inhibitory factors were examined in 21 radiopharmaceuticals commonly used in Japan. The sensitivity of the Limulus test using pre-gel was found to be 1 mug/ml for Escherichia coli endotoxin. This sensitivity is about ten times that of the rabbit test adopted by USP and JP. The Limulus test was applicable, with full sensitivity and without inhibi...

A 27-year-old male developed Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) 13 years after a first dose of radioiodine (131I) therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. He had received a cumulative 131I dose of 670 mCi, in 8 divided doses over 8 years, up to April 1998, for ablation of 131I avid tissues over the anterior neck region. The leukemogenic potential of radioactive iodi...

Thirty eight patients with known or suspected phaeochromocytoma were studied by radioisotope imaging after intravenous administration of iodine-131-meta- iodobenzylguanidine (131I- mIBG ), a radiopharmaceutical which has affinity for chromaffin tumours. Seventeen positive results (including one false positive) and 21 negative results (including two false negatives) were obtained. Clinical accur...

The renal uptake of radiolabeled antibody fragments presents a problem in targeted imaging and therapy. We hypothesized that the renal radioactivity levels of radiolabeled antibody fragments could be reduced if radiolabeled compounds of urinary excretion were released from glomerularly filtered antibody fragments before they were incorporated into renal cells by the action of brush border enzym...

The increasing incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), coupled with the lack of optimal treatment options, has prompted the development of novel treatments. Of these, radioimmunotherapy is one of the most promising. Two of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody therapies being studied in the treatment of NHL are yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan and iodine 131 (131I) tositumomab. The radio...

Significant increase in the salivary gland weight was observed after exposure to single therapeutic dose of 3.7 MBq of 131I in mice. Pre-supplementation of antioxidants, O. sanctum leaf extract, turmeric extract and vitamin E for 15 days before 131I exposure demonstrated significant reduction in the salivary gland weight. No major histopathological changes were observed in the salivary gland of...

Objective: To evaluate the contribution of 131I scintigraphy and ultrasonography to the prediction of malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology in euthyroid patients. Subjects and methods: The sample consisted of 102 patients with thyroid nodules, submitted to FNAC and presenting an indeterminate cytological diagnosis (follicular neoplasm). Results: Malignancy was observed in 19...

The behaviors of an anti-Ia antibody (7.2) and an antibody directed at a lymphocyte adhesion molecule (S.5) radiolabeled with 131I were studied in normal dogs. Antibody 7.2 localized to spleen and, to a lesser extent, to marrow and lymph nodes. Antibody S.5 rapidly localized to marrow and spleen, achieving tissue/blood ratios greater than 6:1 within three hours of injection that were maintained...