BACKGROUND In apparently healthy people, the relation between blood pressure and risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) is linear. In persons with CVD, the relation is uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a prospective study of 5218 older women with CVD who reported their blood pressure at baseline in the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS), an ongoing double-blind...

It is unclear to what extent law enforcement officers (LEOs) experience increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD; defined as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke) and, if so, whether perceived stress affects this relationship. First, self-reported CVD risk factors among currently employed male LEOs from 9 states (n = 2818) were compared to CVD risk factors...

Background—Mitral annular calcification (MAC) has been associated with stroke in longitudinal, community-based cohorts and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in many small retrospective studies. Prospective data are limited on the relation of MAC with CVD morbidity and mortality. Methods and Results—We examined the association between MAC assessed by M-mode echocardiography and the incidence...

OBJECTIVE To determine the visual, spatial, and/or statistical relationships between food availability/dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). METHODS CVD mortality rates and diet information (the number of kilocalories and amount of alcohol, fats, fish, fruits, meats, sugars, and vegetables available per person daily) were obtained from int...

BACKGROUND Mitral annular calcification (MAC) has been associated with stroke in longitudinal, community-based cohorts and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in many small retrospective studies. Prospective data are limited on the relation of MAC with CVD morbidity and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the association between MAC assessed by M-mode echocardiography and the inciden...

Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves the survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.1 With increased life expectancy, HIV-infected patients increasingly are experiencing complications of illnesses that are not directly related to HIV infection.2 Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States,3 recently has been recognized as ...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The clinical epidemiology of CVD in CKD is challenging due to a prior lack of standardized defi nitions of CKD, inconsistent measures of renal function, and possible alternative effects of ‘traditional’ CVD risk factors in patients with CKD. These chal...