Introduction Invasive' pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) has been one of the major causes of mortality in immunocompromised patients. The gold standard method for a diagnosis of IPA is histopathological examination of the lung tissue; however, post-procedural bleeding limits the feasibility of lung biopsy. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Coo...

Histological effects of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) commonly used as food additive on the medial geniculate body (MGB) of adult wistar rats were carefully studied. The rats of both sexes (n=24), average weight of 185g were randomly assigned into two treatments (n=16) and control (n=8) groups. The rats in the treatment groups received 3g and 6g of MSG thoroughly mixed with their feeds for fourtee...

BACKGROUND Environmental enrichment can enhance expression of species-specific behaviour. While foraging enrichment is encouraged in laboratory animals, its impact on novelty induced behaviour remain largely unknown. PURPOSE Here, we studied behavioural response of mice to acute and subchronic oral monosodium glutamate (MSG) in an open field with /without foraging enrichment. METHODS Adult ...

How do policy analysts perceive the various roles that Models, Simulations and Games (MSG) have, or can have in Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)? Fifty-five policy analysts in water management in The Netherlands and China were interviewed, following the procedure of the Q-method. Comparative analysis of the combined quantitative and qualitative data show that: (1) The debate on the ...

The aim of this study was to examine differences in brain neural activation in response to monosodium glutamate (MSG), the representative component of umami, between patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and healthy women (HW) controls. We analyzed brain activity after ingestion of an MSG solution using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a group of women with BN (n = 18) and a group o...

The present study was designed to develop an animal model of multiple risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. Hypothalamic obesity was induced by neonatal monosodium glutamate (MSG) treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Female newborn SHR were treated intraperitoneally with 2 or 4 mg/kg body weight of MSG for 5 da...

In order to evaluate the role of visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, we measured the fasting levels of plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and insulin, glucose disappearance rate (Rd), and hepatic glucose production rate (HGP) after surgical removal of visceral (VF) or subcutaneous (SF) fat tissue in monosodium glutamate-obese (MSG-Ob) rats. Monosodium glu...

A precise pH gradient between organelles of the regulated secretory pathway is required for sorting and processing of prohormones. We studied pH regulation in live endocrine cells by targeting biotin-based pH indicators to cellular organelles expressing avidin-chimera proteins. In AtT-20 cells, we found that steady-state pH decreased from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (pH(ER) = 7.4 +/- 0.2, me...

Previous behavioral studies have suggested that l-glutamate, an umami substance, is detected in the gut, and that this information regarding glutamate is conveyed from the gut to the amygdala and the lateral hypothalamus (LH) through the vagus nerve to establish glutamate preference. In this study, we investigated the roles of the amygdala and LH in the information processing of gut glutamate. ...

Graham, T. E., V. Sgro, D. Friars, and M. J. Gibala. Glutamate ingestion: the plasma and muscle free amino acid pools of resting humans. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 278: E83–E89, 2000.—Monosodium glutamate (MSG) ingestion is known to increase plasma glutamate concentration, and MSG infusion stimulates insulin secretion. We investigated the impact of MSG ingestion on both the plasma and i...