BACKGROUND One contemporary view of stuttering posits that speech disfluencies arise from anomalous speech motor control. PURPOSE To verify the rest muscle tension and speech reaction time of fluent and stuttering adults. METHOD 22 adults, divided in two groups: G1--11 fluent individuals; G2--11 stutterers. Electromyography recordings (inferior orbicularis oris) were collected in two differ...

Neural control of rising and falling tones in Mandarin people who stutter (PWS) was examined by comparing with that which occurs in fluent speakers [Howell, Jiang, Peng, and Lu (2012). Neural control of fundamental frequency rise and fall in Mandarin tones. Brain and Language, 121(1), 35-46]. Nine PWS and nine controls were scanned. Functional connectivity analysis showed that the connections b...

Of 500 left brain-damaged patients with educational level above elementary school investigated with a standard quantitative battery for dissociation between oral and written expression, speech was found to be selectively impaired in seven (three with "pure anarthria," two with anarthria in the context of Broca's aphasia, and two with fluent aphasia with remarkable sparing of writing), and writi...

The Fluent Calculus has largely been focused on building agents that work individually. However, agents often need to interact with each other to learn more about their environment as well as to achieve their goals. One form of interaction is by means of communication. Effective, goal–oriented communication requires knowledge of other agents. This paper studies the problem of endowing agents wi...

The present study examined whether infant-directed (ID) speech facilitates intersensory matching of audio-visual fluent speech in 12-month-old infants. German-learning infants' audio-visual matching ability of German and French fluent speech was assessed by using a variant of the intermodal matching procedure, with auditory and visual speech information presented sequentially. In Experiment 1, ...

Williams Syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of known genetic origin, characterized by serious delays in language onset yet relatively verbose, intelligible and fluent speech in late childhood and adulthood. How do motor abilities relate to language in this group? We investigated planning and co-ordination of the movement of the speech articulators (oromotor praxis) in 28 fluent-spea...

This work involves two areas of research in computer science, namely Knowledge Representation and Logic Programming. Starting from the formalism proposed in Features & Fluents by Erik Sandewall for describing and reasoning about Inhabited Dynamical Systems, we try to reconstruct it within a Logic Programming framework. The result is an extended logic programming language called Fluent Logic Pro...

When drawing conclusions about narratives, minimizing|to a reasonable extent|the occurrence of events is crucial. We argue that unguided minimization is insuucient in case events are causally connected, for it easily fails to distinguish unmotivated event occurrences from those that have a cause. Two solutions are ooered, the rst of which has the advantage of being straightforwardly realized bu...

We introduce a new action language, CARD, which allows defeasible dynamic causal laws, default fluents, concurrent and non-deterministic actions, and actions which use resources. We give syntax and semantics of the language and several simple examples of its use. Comparison with some other languages is also given though limited by space requirements.

Faculty of Computer Science International Center for Computational Logic