In this paper, we examine various studies and reviews on the usability of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology as a tool to train pronunciation in the second language (L2). We show that part of the criticism that has been addressed to this technology is not warranted, being rather the result of limited familiarity with ASR technology and with broader Computer Assisted Language Learning...

Abstract The durability of concrete is critical to its worldwide use as a structural material for buildings and infrastructure, with the lifetime service greatly affecting economic, environmental, social costs. Causes loss in some structures can be attributed alkali–silica reaction (ASR) delayed ettringite formation (DEF). Both are chemical reactions that have potential cause expansion strength...

The Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in concrete is a chemical reaction, which produces an expansive product, generally called “ASR gel”, and causes cracking damage over time. Affecting numerous infrastructures all around the world, ASR has been topic of much research past decades. In spite that, many aspects this reaction are still unknown. numerical-investigation paper, three-dimensional meso-str...

To explore the nutrients in roots of Angelica sinensis (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, ASR), a medicinal and edible plant, and evaluate its nutritional value, a rapid and reliable UHPLC-TQ-MS method was established and used to determine the potential nutritional compounds, including nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, in 50 batches of ASR samples obtained using two drying methods. The results ...

In hypoxia, gray mullet surface to ventilate well-oxygenated water in contact with air, an adaptive response known as aquatic surface respiration (ASR). Reflex control of ASR and its behavioral modulation by perceived threat of aerial predation and turbid water were studied on mullet in a partly sheltered aquarium with free surface access. Injections of sodium cyanide (NaCN) into either the blo...

Adult sex ratio (ASR) is a fundamental concept in population demography, and recent theory suggests that ASR plays a central role in social behavior, mating systems, and parental care. Unbalanced ASRs are predicted to influence pair-bond and mating behavior, since the rarer sex in the population has more potential partners to mate with than the more common sex. Here we use phylogenetic comparat...

The all-subkeys recovery (ASR) attack is an extension of the meet-in-the-middle attack, which allows evaluating the security of a block cipher without analyzing its key scheduling function. Combining the ASR attack with some advanced techniques such as the function reduction and the repetitive ASR attack, we show the improved ASR attacks on the 7-round reduced FOX64 and FOX128. Moreover, the im...

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) which plays an important role in human-robot interaction should be noise-robust because robots are expected to work in noisy environments. Audio-Visual (AV) integration is one of the key ideas to improve the robustness in such environments. This paper proposes two-layered AV integration for ASR which applies AV integration to Voice Activity Detection (VAD) and...