Recently the large increase in amounts of methane plumes is detected reaching the Earths surface from depths of 500 m below sea level where it is known that there are large quantities of frozen methane hydrate stored [1]. However, if this release of methane continues to increase further (due to the warming of seawater at intermediate depths [1)) this will cause an uncontrollable rise in the Ear...

Here, the state of our knowledge regarding the interior dynamics and evolution of habitable terrestrial planets including Earth and super-Earths is reviewed, and illustrated using state-of-the-art numerical models. Convection of the rocky mantle is the key process that drives the evolution of the interior: it causes plate tectonics, controls heat loss from the metallic core (which generates the...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis in children is increasingly recognised as an important component of the global tuberculosis burden, with an estimated 1 million cases in 2015. Although younger children are vulnerable to severe forms of tuberculosis disease, no age-disaggregated estimates of paediatric tuberculosis mortality exist, and tuberculosis has never been included in official estimates of under-5...

Abstract. Previous studies of the lakes McMurdo Dry Valleys have attempted to constrain lake level history, and results suggest undergone hundreds meters change within last 20 000 years. Past utilized interpretation geologic deposits, chemistry, ice sheet history deduce history; however a substantial amount disagreement remains between findings, indicating need for further investigation using n...