This study was conducted to enhance genetic variability in peppers (Capsicum annuum, cv B12) using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Exposure to an EMS concentration of 0.6%, v/v for 12 h was used to mutagenize 2000 seeds for the first generation (M1). It was observed that the growth behaviors including plant height, flowering date, and number of seeds per first fruit were different in the M1 gene...

The dwarf and narrow-leaf rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant dnl3 was isolated from the Japonica cultivar Zhonghua 11 (wild-type). dnl3 exhibited pleiotropic developmental defects. The narrow-leaf phenotype resulted from a marked reduction in the number of vascular bundles, while the dwarf stature was caused by the formation of foreshortened internodes and a reduced number of parenchyma cells. The s...

An important aspect of orthopedic implant integration is the enhancement of functional activity of osteoblasts at the tissue-implant interface without any fibrous tissue intervention. Nanostructured implant surfaces are known to enhance osteoblast activity. Previously, we have reported a simple hydrothermal method for the fabrication of non-periodic nanostructures (nanoscaffold, nanoleaves and ...

* Author for correspondence: Rozi Mohamed, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Tel.: 60-3-8946 7183 (Office), Fax: 60-3-8943 2514. Email: rozimohd@putra. upm.edu.my. Abstract. A critical stage in the introduction of plants into tissue culture is to obtain cultures free from microbial contamination. This study in...

Stewart’s disease, caused by Pantoea stewartii (Smith), can cause severe economic damage to seed and sweet corn crops due to phytosanitary regulations that prevent the export of seed corn, as well as causing direct reductions in yield. To date, there are no quantitative data on the aggressiveness of P. stewartii isolates at the plant scale, nor on the temporal and spatial spread of this pathoge...

in order to evaluate the effects of drought stress at different phenological stages on growth indices of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivar jam, an experiment was carried out at the research greenhouse of faculty of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, using a completely randomized design with four replications. drought stress was applied by preventing irrigation until the soil mois...

Corn flea beetles, Chaetocnema pulicaria, vector Erwinia stewartii (synamorph Pantoea stewartii), which causes Stewart’s bacterial wilt of corn (Zea mays) (10,11). Flea beetles introduce E. stewartii into plant tissues that are wounded during feeding. Movement of E. stewartii in the vascular system of resistant plants is restricted to within a few centimeters of flea beetle feeding wounds. The ...

Theory predicts patterns of defense across taxa based on notions of tradeoffs and synergism among defensive traits when plants and herbivores coevolve. Because the expression of characters changes ontogenetically, the evolution of plant strategies may be best understood by considering multiple traits along a trajectory of plant development. Here we addressed the ontogenetic expression of chemic...

Leaves between species vary in their size, serration, complexity, and shape. However, phylogeny is not the only predictor of leaf morphology. The shape of a leaf is the result of intricate developmental processes, including heteroblastic progression (changes in leaf size and shape at different nodes) and the developmental stage of an organ. The leaflets that arise from complex leaves are additi...