The main goal is the early detection of disease recurrence, even if the impact of a prompt treatment on prognosis is still debated (Barth et al 1995, Atkins et al 2008, Garbe et al 2008). Several authors believe that early detection of asymptomatic metastases does not affect overall survival (Barth et al 1995, Atkins et al 2008). Others (Garbe et al 2008) showed a clear survival benefit for an ...

Over the last three decades, fluorescence spectroscopy has developed into a unique tool for probing biologically relevant systems. In particular, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is now a routine measurement enabling biologists access to reaction kinetics (Wu et al. 2006; Heyduk and Niedziela-Majka 2002; Allen and Thompson 2006) and sizes of biomolecular assemblies (Pitschke et al. 1...

One perspective in communication systems is to increase the spectrum utilization using cognitive radios. A cognitive radio is a network of intelligent co-existing radios which senses the environment to find the available frequency slots, white spaces, or the spectrum holes as noted in Akyildiz et al. (2008); Haykin (2005). Then, it modifies its transmission characteristics to use that particula...

The Middle to Upper Paleolithic boundary marks an important threshold in human cultural and biological evolutionwith the establishment of Anatomically Modern Humans and the termination of Neandertal settlement in Eurasia between 40–30 ka C BP. The demographic and cultural processes underlying this ‘‘transition’’ throughout Eurasia are among the most intensively debated issues in Paleolithic Arc...

Presence of tumor cells in blood of patients with metastatic carcinomas has been associated with poor progression free and overall survival (Cohen et al., 2008; Cristofanilli et al., 2004; de Bono et al., 2008). Assessment of treatment targets on circulating tumor cells (CTC) before initiation of therapy may provide a means to guide therapy (Attard et al., 2009; de Bono et al., 2007; Hayes et a...

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Existing Framing of Biomass Use Challenges Many of the physical and economic challenges to woody biomass use are well documented with most attention paid to the consistency of feedstock supply (Lynch et al. 2000, GAO 2006a, Galik et al. 2009), harvest efficiency (Hartsough et al. 2001, Han et al. 2004, Rummer 2008), processing infrastructure (Wagner et al. 1998, Fight et al. 2004, Keegan et al....

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill patients affecting 20 60% of patients (Chertow, et al., 2005; de Mendonca, et al., 2000; Mehta, et al., 2005; Ostermann & Chang, 2008; Silvester, et al., 2001; Uchino, et al., 2005). The exact incidence varies depending on patient population, associated comorbid factors and criteria used to define AKI. Sepsis induced AKI accounts for approxi...