objective: to translate verona service satisfaction scale-32 (vsss-32) to persian, to adapt it for iranian culture and to investigate the performance characteristics of the persian version intended to measure patient satisfaction with psychiatric care. method: the vsss-32 was translated to persian using an elaborated methodology according to world health organization guideline. in addition, und...

Eight pigeons were trained in a concurrent-chains procedure in which the terminal-link immediacy ratio followed an ascending or descending series. Across sessions, one terminal-link delay changed from 2 s to 32 s to 2 s or from 32 s to 2 s to 32 s, while the other was always 8 s. For all pigeons, response allocation tracked changes in delay and was biased towards the 8-s alternative on the desc...

This paper explores the potential of executables for covert communication. Three techniques for the embedding of secret information are presented. Possible attacks on the stealthiness of these techniques are identified and countered. The presented concepts are implemented and evaluated for the IA32 architecture, for which we obtain an encoding rate of 1/27 before countermeasures and 1/89 after ...