This study is motivated by the need for a micro-geographic information system (GIS) to represent and analyze 3D spatial data for the plotting of fire-fighting search and rescue routes within buildings. The GIS uses a 3D geometric network model (GNM) and the Dijkstra algorithm to consider smoke movement during different times of a building fire. Therefore, the route calculation algorithm can avo...

Location Based Services (LBS) are gaining much importance for all kind of human activities ranging from tourist navigation to support of rescue teams in disaster management. LBS have been developed as an independent from GIS stream for wireless services, but nowadays about 80% of all supplied data is spatially related, i.e. they are presented in a form of 2D map (raster of vector). LBS is becom...

Extending the current “2.5D” terrain model is a necessary development in GIS. Existing 2D surface information must be extended to 3D, while trying to preserve the topological integrity. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) on the other hand is often fully 3D, which may be excessive for our “extended 2D” mapping needs. We have used the “boundary representation” (brep) design from CAD systems, based on ma...

Opportunities of potential human activities have extended from physical space to virtual space in today’s society. Based on a proposed conceptual framework that models the relationships between physical and virtual spaces, this paper presents an attempt to adjust the space-time prism concept of Hagerstrand’s time geography to identify potential activity opportunities in virtual space, focusing ...

The Arc Hydro ground water data model is a geographic data model for representing spatial and temporal ground water information within a geographic information system (GIS). The data model is a standardized representation of ground water systems within a spatial database that provides a public domain template for GIS users to store, document, and analyze commonly used spatial and temporal groun...

With rapid population growth, there is an increasing demand for vertical use of space. The wide spread complex and high-rise buildings, as well the number infrastructure above or underground, requires new methods efficient management land property. 3D cadastre has, thus, become a necessity administration. However, success cadastral systems relies on definition legal institutional frameworks imp...

Combined processing using different sensor types, i.e. for applications like change detection, requires a good geo-referencing. Furthermore the individual sensor properties have to be taken into account. SAR systems are side-looking and run-time systems. They suffer from occlusions and ambiguities especially in urban areas. Additionally layover and shadow effects disturb the geo-referencing of ...

Interpolation methods are an important part in a geographical information system (GIS) and have been used for years to model elevation data. They are crucial in the visualisation process (generation of contours), for the conversion of data from one format to another, to have a better understanding of a dataset or simply to identify bad samples. The result of interpolation—usually a surface that...

We have developed aa initial system for performing 2D image registration for detecting bone density changes in dental radiographs based on aligning automatically extracted stable tooth features. The basic approach is to warp an x-ray image to align its landmark features with an earlier image of the same region to attempt to correct for imaging geometry variations. Although a 3D model is needed ...

We propose a system for performing structural change detection in street-view videos captured by a vehiclemounted monocular camera over time. Our approach is motivated by the need for more frequent and efficient updates in the large-scale maps used in autonomous vehicle navigation. Our method chains a multi-sensor fusion SLAM and fast dense 3D reconstruction pipeline, which provide coarsely reg...