This paper presents a first look at long-term delay measurements from data connections in 3 Norwegian 3G Networks. We have performed active measurements for more than 6 months from 90 voting locations used in a trial with electronic voting during this fall’s regional elections. Our monitors are geographically spread across all of Norway, and give an unprecedented view of the performance and sta...

If g is an integer ≥ 2, and M is a closed simple 3-manifold such that π1(M) has a subgroup isomorphic to a genus-g surface group and dimZ2 H1(M ;Z2) ≥ max(3g−1, 6), we show that M contains a closed, incompressible surface of genus at most g. As an application we show that if M is a closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold such that VolM ≤ 3.08, then dimZ2 H1(M ;Z2) ≤ 5.

Before any of the eleven possible quinones of azulene were known, predictions were made about their proper— ties on the basis of Hickel, MINDO/3, PPP and ab initio SCF (STO—3G) calculations (3). Four unsubstituted quinones of azulene have now been prepared, and the experimental results obtained so far provide information regarding their stability, reduction potentials, cycloadditions with cyclo...

This paper outlines an ongoing research project on training, education and sharing of experiences among mobile people, also referred to as nomads. The importance for professionals to continuously learn is widely recognized. Organizations in the new economy are dependent on organizational knowledge and competence. Mobile workers need alternative educational and knowledge development opportunitie...

Wireless network has been improved after 3G by means of higher data rates with better coverage and by reducing latency. LTE is the technology that provides backward compatibility with 3G and 4G technologies. Compared with 3G, it offers high data rates of the order of 50Mbps for uplink and 100Mbps for downlink. LTE is able to provide services in scalable bandwidth (1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20 MHz). ...

Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing cells in the injured liver and the key mediators of liver fibrosis; they also promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the acidic extracellular microenvironment of HCC, HSCs are activated to promote the migration of HCC cells. It is worth attempting to alter the weak acidic microenviro...

Mobile video broadcasting service, or mobile TV, is expected to become a popular application for 3G wireless network operators. Most existing solutions for video Broadcast Multicast Services (BCMCS) in 3G networks employ a single transmission rate to cover all viewers. The system-wide video quality of the cell is therefore throttled by a few viewers close to the boundary, and is far from reachi...

Third Generation (3G) wireless networks based on the CDMA2000 and UMTS standards are now increasingly being deployed throughout the world. Because of their complex signaling and relatively limited bandwidth, these 3G networks are generally more vulnerable than their wireline counterparts, thus making them fertile ground for new attacks. In this paper, we identify and study a novel Denial of Ser...

3G, processor of 2G services, is a family of standards for mobile telecommunications defined by the International Telecommunication Union [1]. 3G services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, video calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment. It allows simultaneous use of speech and data services and higher data rates.3G is defined to facilitate growth, increased bandwidth and ...

The forthcoming era of 3 generation (3G) mobile communications is heralded to change the wireless telecommunication experience dramatically. User expectations are raised to a significantly higher level, towards the demand for terminal-, networkand location-aware provision of ubiquitous, personalized multimedia services. Under this perspective, the need for adaptability of services and systems t...