Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus, is oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to aflatoxin B(1)-8,9-epoxide, which alkylates DNA at N7-dG. Under basic conditions, this N7-dG adduct rearranges to yield the trans-8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)−FAPY) adduct. The AFB(1)−FAPY adduct exhibits geometric...

In the title compound, C(4)H(8)N(5) (+)·Cl(-), a two-dimensional layer packing network is observed in which every chloride anion links three adjacent 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium cations by N-H⋯Cl hydrogen-bonding inter-actions, forming 12-membered and eight-membered hydrogen-bonded rings with graph-set motifs R(4) (4)(12) and R(3) (3)(8), respectively. In addition, N-H⋯N hydrogen b...

A decentralized failure detection and isolation (FDI) methodology, which is robust with respect to model uncertainties and noise, is presented. Redundancy metrics are developed, and optimization problems are posed for the choices of robust parity relations. Closed-form solutions for some special failure cases are given. Connections are drawn with other disciplines, and the use of the metrics to...

Fapy-adenine, Fapy-guanine, Tautomerism, Solvent Effect The results of theoretical geometry prediction of formamidopyrimidine(fapy)-adenine and fapy-guanine tautomers are presented. Among 54 potential tautomeric structures of fapyadenine the most stable structure corresponds to the diamino-keto isomer. The solvent effect has insignificant influence on the fapy-adenine tautomers succession. The ...