Transgenic mice expressing apolipoprotein (apo) E(Cys 142), a human defective variant of apo E, have elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL); beta-VLDL, the biochemical hallmark of the human genetic disease type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), is also present in these mice. This study was designed to determine whether these type III HLP mic...

Apolipoproteins E and C-III are modulators of lipoprotein metabolism that could affect development of atherosclerosis. The prevalence in plasma of apoB-containing particles (LpB) that contain either apoE or apoC-III, both or neither, and the effect of estrogen on these lipoproteins are unknown. The LpB particle system, defined by the presence or absence of apoE or C-III, was studied in 13 normo...

The effects of obesity and weight loss on lipoprotein kinetics were evaluated in six lean women [body mass index (BMI): 21 +/- 1 kg/m(2)] and seven women with abdominal obesity (BMI: 36 +/- 1 kg/m(2)). Stable isotope tracer techniques, in conjunction with compartmental modeling, were used to determine VLDL-triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) secretion rates in lean women and i...

The apolipoprotein (apo)E receptor 2 (apoER2) is a recently cloned member of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) family, showing a high homology with both the LDLR and the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor (VLDLR). In the present study, the binding characteristics of the apoER2 with respect to apoE and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were investigated. VLDL was isolated from b...

B-very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) is a large lipoprotein with multiple apoprotein E (apoE) molecules that bind to the LDL receptors on mouse macrophages. Even though they bind to the same receptor, the endocytic processing of B-VLDL differs from low density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is rapidly delivered to perinuclear lysosomes and degraded, but much of the B-VLDL is retained in peripheral com...

Two procedures were used to isolate hepatocytic Golgi fractions from rat liver. One procedure yields a light Golgi fraction (GF1 + 2) and the other "intact" stacks of cisternae. Triglyceride fatty acids in nascent very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were labeled by injection of [3H]palmitate intravenously, and radiolabeled lipoproteins were injected as markers of potentially contaminating endo...

We characterized dynamics of the plasma yolk precursors vitellogenin (VTG), very-low-density lipoprotein (total VLDL-TG), and VLDL particle size distribution during egg production by female greater scaup (order: Anseriformes, Aythya marila). We also evaluated VTG and total VLDL-TG as physiological indices of reproductive state. Mean (+/-1 SE) plasma concentrations of VTG and total VLDL-TG for f...

We isolated and characterized immunoreactive apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins from human atherosclerotic plaque and plasma to determine whether very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) can enter and become incorporated into the atherosclerotic lesion and how plaque apoB-containing lipoproteins differ from apoB-containing lipoproteins isolated from plasma. Atherosclerotic plaques were ...

Insulin regulates hepatic VLDL production by activation of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) which decreases apo B available for lipid assembly. The current study evaluated the dependence of the VLDL apolipoprotein B (apo B) pathway on PI3-kinase activity in vivo. VLDL production was examined in B100 only, apo B mRNA editing catalytic subunit 1 (apobec-1(-/-)) mice, using the Triton W...