Despite the great success of quantum mechanics, questions regarding its application still exist and the boundary between quantum and classical mechanics remains unclear. Based on the philosophical assumptions of macrorealism and noninvasive measurability, Leggett and Garg devised a series of inequalities (LG inequalities) involving a single system with a set of measurements at different times. ...

The lateral giant (LG) command neuron of crayfish responds to an attack directed at the abdomen by triggering a single highly stereotyped escape tail flip. Experimentally applied serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine, 5-HT) can increase or decrease LG's excitability, depending on the concentration, rate, and duration of 5-HT application. Here we describe three physiological mechanisms that mediate sero...

Constructing non-supersingular elliptic curves for pairing-based cryptosystems have attracted much attention in recent years. The best previous technique builds curves with ρ = lg(q)/lg(r) ≈ 1 (k = 12) and ρ = lg(q)/lg(r) ≈ 1.25 (k = 24). When k > 12, most of the previous works address the question by representing r(x) as a cyclotomic polynomial. In this paper, we propose a new method to find m...

Purpose Low-grade (LG) urothelial carcinomas of the bladder (UCB) are common malignancies that are costly to surveil and rarely progress to life threatening, high-grade (HG) malignancies. It is unknown if the progression of LG to HG is a result of second primary tumors or transformation of existing LG tumors. We examined tumor genetics in patients with grade progression in urothelial carcinoma ...

This paper introduces the study of LG-quadratic quotients exterior algebras, showing that they are Koszul, as in commutative case. We construct an example algebra is not G-quadratic and another Koszul but LG-quadratic. only second known first noncommutative.

Ligand-binding properties of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) are well documented, but the subsequent biological functions are still unclear. Focusing on fatty acids/β-lg complexes, the structure-function relationships are reviewed in the light of the structural state of the protein (native versus non-native aggregated proteins). After a brief description of β-lg native structure, the review takes an int...

The association between the TNF-α +489 G/A polymorphism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial because of small group size and varied design among different studies. In the present study, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between the +489 G/A polymorphism and COPD risk. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify articles that have repo...

Purpose Dry eye syndrome (DES) can cause blindness in severe cases, but mainly palliative treatments exist. A tissue-engineered lacrimal gland (LG) could provide a curative treatment. We aimed to evaluate decellularized porcine jejunum (SIS-Muc) as a scaffold for porcine LG epithelial cells. Methods To evaluate SIS-Muc as a potential scaffold, basement membrane proteins in SIS-Muc and native ...

We present the results of a study on the propagation of Lg within the Tibetan Plateau. We analyze over 1200 seismograms for Lg propagation from 185 local and regional earthquakes recorded at distances from 150 to 2000 km, 52 of which are located within the Tibetan Plateau. Although the propagation of Lg has been observed across most of Asia, Lg has not been observed for paths crossing the Tibet...

We consider the problem of retrieving the k documents from a collection of strings where a given pattern P appears most often. We show that, by representing the collection using a Compressed Suffix Array CSA, a data structure using the asymptotically optimal |CSA|+o(n) bits can answer queries in the time needed by CSA to find the suffix array interval of the pattern plus O(k lg k lg n) accesses...