How polyphagous herbivores up-regulate their counterdefense genes in response to a broad range of structurally different allelochemicals remains largely unknown. To test whether this is accomplished by having more allelochemical-response elements or the similar number of functionally more diverse elements, we mapped out the cis-acting elements mediating the induction of the allelochemical-metab...

Flavones are plant secondary metabolites that have wide pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. We previously constructed a recombinant flavanone pathway by expressing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae a four-step recombinant pathway that consists of cinnamate-4 hydroxylase, 4-coumaroyl:coenzyme A ligase, chalcone synthase, and chalcone isomerase. In the present work, the biosynthesis of flavo...

Spectrophotometric methods were used to study the reaction of complexation tungsten with derivatives o-hydroxythiophenol (HTPDs) {2-hydroxy-5-chlorothiophenol (HCTP), 2-hydroxy-5- bromothiophenol (HBTP) and 2-hydroxy-5-iodothiophenol (HITP )} in presence aminophenols. Aminophenols 2(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)-4-chlorophenol (AP1) 2(N,Ndimethylaminomethyl)-4-bromophenol (AP2), 2(N,N-dimethylaminom...

To identify potential substrates for the debrisoquin and mephenytoin hydroxylation polymorphisms, we performed in vitro inhibition studies with human liver microsomes and the respective prototype substrates in the absence and presence of several anticancer drugs. (+)-Bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation (as the prototype reaction for the debrisoquin polymorphism) was tested at 5 microM substrate concentr...

Synthetic routes toward new 5-amino- and 5-hydroxy-3,3-difluoropiperidines, which are of high interest as building blocks in medicinal chemistry, are described. The key step involves the N-halosuccinimide-induced cyclization of 2,2-difluoro-4-pentenylamines toward 5-halo-3,3-difluoropiperidines, which were used to synthesize 5-amino-3,3-difluoropiperidine. In a second strategy, iodolactonizatio...

Chlorophyll-type contaminants are commonly encountered in the isolation and determination of flavones of plant aerial plant parts. Heme is also a difficult background substance in whole blood analysis. Both chlorophyll and heme are porphyrin type compounds. In this study, a rapid method for isolating flavones with 5-hydroxyl or ortho-hydroxyl groups from biological samples was developed based o...

The phytotoxic potential of plants and the effect their active components on another plant species is being explored as a alternative to synthetic herbicides for weed control. In current study, we investigated leaves Dregea volubilis (L.f.) Benth. ex Hook.f. against four test [timothy (Phleum pratense L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv), lettuce (Lactuca sativa alfalfa (M...

The anti-inflammatory effect of selagin-7-O-(6″-O-Acetyl-)-β-D-glucoside, isolated from the medicinal herb Cancrinia discoidea (Ledeb.) Poljak, was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenin- and serotonin-induced rat paw oedema models of acute inflammation and the cotton pellet-induced granuloma rat model of chronic inflammation. Flavone glycoside at doses of 5, 10, or 20 ...