(Abstracted from BJOG 2021;128:504–514) Premalignant lesions such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can develop into cancer through a slow process taking up to 30 years initial high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. Primary hrHPV DNA testing has superior sensitivity compared with cytology and high negative predictive value for high-grade CIN or worse (CIN2+).

Background Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) causes heart failure and may lead to transplantation. DCM is typically a monogenic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. Currently disease-causing variants have been reported in over 60 genes that encode proteins sarcomeres, nuclear lamina, desmosomes, cytoskeleton, mitochondria. Over half of the patients undergoing comprehensive genetic ...