In the context of robotics RAP [Robotic Action Painter] demonstrates that machine creativity can be achieved by means of randomness, stigmergy and chromotaxis. RAP’s action painting is based on two distinct behavior modes, the first being essential random and the second reactive or of positive feedback. The initial random color spots functions as a seed for the reactive mode emergent compositio...

Treatment of soils contaminated with heavy metals using plant species is a method which has been widely used in thepast. This method, which is known as phytoremediation, has been applied for pollution treatment using different plantspecies worldwide. The method has been used for remediation of various types of pollutants in laboratory, pilot andindustrial scales. The aim of this study was to co...

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background mandibular continuity defects occur after tumor resection, maxillofacial injury, or osteomyelitis. despite the current availability of a plethora of treatment modalities, bone substitutes, and various clinical adjuncts, an exact reconstructive recapitulation of large bony defects continues to be beyond reach. in this clinical pilot study, we report a novel method for reconstruction o...