Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical encounters during nephrology inpatient rounds. It is traditionally classified as pre-renal, intrarenal and postrenal categories. However, these terms are often confusing and not very helpful from diagnostic point of view. The frequently used simple and derived urinary ...

Preproenkephalin and preprodynorphin mRNAs can be detected by in situ hybridization in medium-sized striatal neurons in normal rats and in rats with unilateral cerebral cortical lesions. Hybridization of 35S-labeled oligonucleotide cDNAs complementary to specific regions of each mRNA reveals that preproenkephalin-expressing neurons are more numerous than cells expressing preprodynorphin. Hybrid...

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition that increases maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. It is diagnosed based on a triad of hypertension, significant proteinuria and rapidly increasing edema during gestation. The factors that initiate preeclampsia are unknown and still a subject of intense clinical research. The objective of this study is to provide additional immunological i...

State-of-the-art algorithms for industrial instances of MaxSAT problem rely on iterative calls to a SAT solver. Preprocessing is crucial for the acceleration of SAT solving, and the key preprocessing techniques rely on the application of resolution and subsumption elimination. Additionally, satisfiability-preserving clause elimination procedures are often used. Since MaxSAT computation typicall...

Preeclampsia is a devastating cardiovascular disorder of late pregnancy, affecting 5-7% of all pregnancies and claiming the lives of 76,000 mothers and 500,000 children each year. Various lines of evidence support a "tissue rejection" type reaction toward the placenta as the primary initiating event in the development of preeclampsia, followed by a complex interplay among immune, vascular, rena...

OBJECTIVES This study was to investigate the prevalence of actual uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), willingness to use daily oral PrEP under two cost scenarios, and potential issues related to PrEP use among men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV negative/unknown sero-status in Hong Kong, China. Factors associated with the two measures of willingness were also investigated. METHODS...