A IDAN KEANE 1 ∗, JU L I A P . G . J O N E S 2 AND E . J . MIL NE R -GUL L AND 1 1Department of Life Sciences and Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK, and 2School of the Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK Date submitted: 21 October 2011; Date accepted: 23 February 2012; First published...

translator is also dealing with two different cultures at the same time. this particular aspect seems to have been taken into consideration by the second group of theorists who regard translation equivalence being essentially a transfer of the message from the sc to the tc and a pragmatic/ semantic or functionally oriented approach to translation . finally, there are other translation scholars ...

in recent years, researches on reinforcement learning (rl) have focused on bridging the gap between adaptive optimal control and bio-inspired learning techniques. neural network reinforcement learning (nnrl) is among the most popular algorithms in the rl framework. the advantage of using neural networks enables the rl to search for optimal policies more efficiently in several real-life applicat...

in a prospective survey, 200 cases of operated chronic dacryocystitis were divided into three groups according to the kind of operation, and the respective results are as follows: group i includes 100 cases in whom the lacrimal bone was removed (8mm x 8mm) and a 6mm diameter catheter was used (as a duct between the lacrimal sac and nasal cavity). the recurrence rate within one year was 24 % . g...

one hundred and eight male (108) cases, which have been using lippes loops (i.u.d.) for contraception, were followed for five (+5) years, and unwanted pregnancies and side effects were analyzed. our over all impression is that because of the frequency of uterine bleeding which they cause, lippes loops are not an ideal contraceptive method for iranian women.

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in this paper we discuss about tenacity and its properties in stability calculation. we indicate relationships between tenacity and connectivity, tenacity and binding number, tenacity and toughness. we also give good lower and upper bounds for tenacity.

individual approaches to the diagnosis and management of penicillin allergy are practiced    by clinicians.   this cross-sectional survey of physicians was aimed at exploring their ways of dealing with diagnosis and management of penicillin g allergy.   of the 235 respondents, 63% believed patients’ self-reported history of penicillin allergy and avoided using penicillin g;     97% do so for pa...

one of the important causes of strabismus in all ages is extraocular muscles paralysis due to 3rd, 4th and 6th cerebral nerve palsies. exact and on-time treatment can result in improvement of deviation, am-blyopia and abnormal head posture. we studied epidemiological characteristics of extraocular muscles paralysis. this retrospective study performed on 131 subjects (58% male). records of patie...

this article has been dedicated to explain radical concepts of cosmogonical myths at one of the main periods of hindu thougth i.e upanishadic period and the most important text of this era i.e the upanishads(800-500 bce) have been examined. in regards to background of cosmogonical ideas at earlier eras, from vedic period to brahmanas, we can say that theme upanishads in this respect have been e...