Biaryl compounds are versatile building blocks in the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and π-conjugated organic materials. This review describes a recent progress for the biaryl cross-coupling reaction of heteroaromatic compounds using hypervalent iodine reagent. Our novel biaryl coupling reaction is a unique method for constructing various heteroaromatic b...

A novel, synthetically useful palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organotin reagents with a variety of organic electrophiles that generates a new carbon—carbon bond has been discovered recently. Because this mild, versatile reaction is tolerant of a wide variety of organic functionality on either coupling partner, is stereospecific, and gives high yields, it is ideal for use in the s...

Available information on the molecular mechanisms by which nitric oxide (NO) controls the activity of the respiratory enzyme (cytochrome-c-oxidase) is reviewed. We report that, depending on absolute electron flux, NO at physiological concentrations reversibly inhibits cytochrome-c-oxidase by two alternative reaction pathways, yielding either a nitrosyl- or a nitrite-heme a3 derivative. We addre...

Kaolin-SO3H nanoparticles were prepared via reaction of kaolin and chlorosulfonic acid and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, XRF, EDS, BET and TGA. The activity of this green catalyst was probed by the synthesis of aryl diazonium salts as the starting reactant and then, their diazo coupling with  2-naphthol to form azo dyes in a solvent-free medium at room temperature...

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives via multi-component coupling reaction of aromatic aldehydes, β-ketoester and urea or thiourea under solvent-free conditions using Silica Supported Barium Chloride as a catalyst is described. All prepared compounds with melting points, IR,1H NMR and 13C NMR were identified. High yields, mild conditi...

Tripropylammonium fluorochromate(VI) (TPAFC), is an efficient and new reagent, which isprepared easily and oxidizes thiols to the corresponding disulfides, quickly. The reactions areperformed cleanly and are controlled to stop at the disulfide stage, without over-oxidation andside products. Coupling of thiols to their corresponding disulfides, are studied in solution atroom temperature and in s...

Vaccination with cancer/testis Ag MAGE-A3 in the form of recombinant protein often induces specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Although Ag-specific CD4+ T cells following vaccination are detectable by cytokine production after a single in vitro stimulation, their detection before vaccination is difficult because of low frequency. In this study, we have applied a sensitive method usi...

The Stille coupling reaction is a versatile method to mainly form aromatic C-C bonds. However, up to now, the use of palladium catalysts is necessary. Here, a palladium-free and photocatalytic Stille-type coupling reaction of aryl iodides and aryl stannanes catalyzing a conjugated microporous polymer-based phototcatalyst under visible light irradiation at room temperature is reported. The novel...

The palladium metal is the most frequently used metal because of its excellent catalytic efficiency and most flexible varying oxidation state. So,  we report  that palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) stabilized by a ligand (o-vanilindiphenylethanedionedihydrazone, L)  using reverse micelles method have been synthesized, while all particles are in spherical shape and ranging between 10 and...