Blinded urinary assays for cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) were performed on 49 subjects with documented abnormal cervical cytology and 21 control subjects with normal cytology. A significant difference in the mean cGMP:cAMP ratios between the case and control groups was found. A significantly greater proportion of women with cytologic...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To improve the accuracy of conventional cytology in cervical cancer screening, high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and neural network based screening have been developed. This study assessed the power of both techniques to detect women at risk of developing incident CIN III; that is, CIN III detected during the follow up of women with normal cytology and borderline nucl...

The Papanicolaou test (or Pap test) has long been used as a screening tool to detect cervical precancerous/cancerous lesions. However, studies on the use of this test to predict both the presence and change in size of genital warts are limited. We examined whether cervical Papanicolaou test results are associated with the size of the largest anal wart over time in HIV-infected women in an on-go...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the risks of invasive cervical cancer after detection of atypical glandular cells (AGC) during cervical screening. DESIGN Nationwide population based cohort study. SETTING Cancer and population registries in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 3,054,328 women living in Sweden at any time between 1 January 1980 and 1 July 2011 who had any record of cervical cytological testing a...

BACKGROUND Persistent high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and increased HR-HPV viral load are associated with the development of cancer. This study investigated the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, HIV viral load and CD4 count on the HR-HPV viral load; and also investigated the predictors of cervical abnormalities. METHODS Participants were 292 HIV-ne...

OBJECTIVES Most non-screen-detected cervical cancers are advanced stage. We assess the potential for cytology to expedite diagnosis when used outside of routine call and recall screening for cervical cancer. METHODS Two cohorts of women with cytology that did not appear to have been taken as part of routine screening, nested within a census of cervical cytology, in England between April 2007 ...

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer in young women presents a diagnostic challenge because gynaecological symptoms are common but underlying disease is rare. AIM To explore the potential for using cytology as a diagnostic aid for cervical cancer in young women. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective review of primary care records and cytology data from the national cervical screening database and national...