(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2022;37:1106–1125) With intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), many natural barriers that would normally prevent the entry of abnormal are lost, increasing importance DNA integrity for successful in vitro fertilization. There is currently no consensus on optimal assay measuring quality (DNAq), defined as any structural aspect chromatin can compromise function if di...

Interspecific variation in sperm size is enigmatic, but generally assumed to reflect species-specific trade-offs in selection pressures. Among passerine birds, sperm length varies sevenfold, and sperm competition risk seems to drive the evolution of longer sperm. However, little is known about factors favouring short sperm or constraining the evolution of longer sperm. Here, we report a compara...

Teratozoospermia is a disorder associated with high abnormal sperm morphology which affects fertility in males. In recent years, it has been described that biomarker-based sperm quality evaluation can alleviate male infertility treatment. Phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) is a sperm-specific factor which appears to be a predicting biomarker for fertilization potential of males. Following fertilizatio...

OBJECTIVES To determine the relationship between semen quality and exposure to pesticide residues. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among male farmers from 3 different communities in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 152 farmers participated in this study of whom 62 farmers had been exposed to either paraquat or malathion or both to varying extents. Questionnaires were designed to reco...

The Slc26 family is a conserved family of anion transporters. In the human, their physiological relevance was highlighted with the discovery of pathogenic mutations in several Slc26 transporters that lead to distinctive clinical disorders (Pendred syndrome, deafness, diastrophic dysplasia, congenital chloride diarrhoea) that are related to the specific distribution of these genes. We previously...

OBJECTIVE To determine the possible use of the mammalian acrosomal marker vehicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin to detect acrosome abnormalities in human sperm. DESIGN Analysis of human sperm after fixation and staining with an anti-VAMP antibody. SETTING An academic research institution. PATIENT(S) Semen samples from consenting patients who were participating in an inf...

The protective effect of vitamin E (VE, α-tocopherol) on methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced teratozoospermia was investigated in adult rats. Rats (n=6 per group) were divided into three groups: i) Control group, treated with distilled water from days 1 to 5; ii) the MMS group, treated with MMS at a dose of 40 mg·kg(-1) from days 1‑5; or iii) the VE+MMS group, treated with MMS at a dose of 40...

OBJECTIVE To determine DNA damage as measured by the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) in subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation in patients who are undergoing infertility evaluation. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Andrology laboratory at a tertiary care hospital. PATIENT(S) Fifty-six patients undergoing infertility evaluation. Patients with normal semen pa...

BACKGROUND Psychological factor alters fertility hormones and contributes to male infertility. Anxiety and depression are common manifestations of psychological distress. Cytochrome P-4501A1 (CYP1A1) metabolizes xenobiotics and fertility hormones that influence male fertility. The effect of CYP1A1 polymorphism on male fertility has remained controversial. The present study was designed to asses...

We explored the relationship between sperm chromatin integrity, hormone levels, seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and routine sperm parameters in men with male factor (MF, n = 81) and non-male factor (NMF, n = 52) infertility. Semen and blood were collected and examined from men undergoing evaluation for infertility in the Avicenna Infertility Clinic. We have examined each patien...