This paper examines a dilemma in reproductive and population ethics that can illuminate broader questions axiology normative ethics. emerges because most people have conflicting intuitions concerning whether the interests of non-existent beings outweigh existing when those merely potential are expected to overall net-good or net-bad lives. The claims standard approach this issue, terms exemplif...

the main purpose of this essay is to review and criticize the paper published earlier in this journal, logical study, titled ‘the paradox of the informing from absolute unknown: analyzing the concept of information’ written by sharifzadeh and hodjati. in spite of having some useful points, the paper is, in several aspects, problematic. we review and criticize respectively such problematic point...

Machines will replace therapists and counsellors. This was the confident prediction made a decade ago. In this article, I discuss the inherent limitations of machines as conversationalists that have prevented the prediction from coming true. Machines can, however, be exploited to assist therapy and I consider the following digital tools: test administration; managing procedural, symptom-relievi...

chemical hardness (), absolute electronegativity (), and electrophilicity () have importantapplications in inorganic chemistry. these concepts are defined quantitatively as � � �� � ����,� � �� � ����, � � ������where i is the ionization energy and a is the electron affinity. in thisstudy, graphical method was used to see the relation of electron configuration with chemicalhardness, absolute...