This paper takes as a starting point Walter Vincenti's seminal book, “What Engineers Know and How They Know It,” and explores the implications for interactive system design of some of his observations on engineering knowledge. In particular, it discusses the obstacles designers face in accessing relevant knowledge, and their consequent difficulties in engaging in design. The paper suggests that...

This article builds on existing literature digital inequality and the digitised welfare state to elucidate one underexplored way in which rise of e-government platforms further disadvantages already-marginalised people: by requiring that they possess a verifiable footprint distributed across multiple public commercial platforms. We illustrate pertinence nuances this particular risk through live...

most women need fundamental support to function in their humane life. in terms of gender, in iran there are regional differentiations with regards to accessing benefits of development. the purpose of this paper is to describe the human development and development index in different regions and to study the relationship/ regression between levels of development and human poverty index on the bas...

podcasting has become a popular means of transferring knowledge in higher education through making lecture contents available to students at their convenience. accessing courses on media players provides students with enhanced learning opportunities. development of teaching methods able to cope with ever-changing nature of medicine is crucial to train the millennium students. pharmacology educa...

Our focus is on a Web-based Knowledge Portal for educational purposes. We consider a distributed system for information retrieval and document collection, which will enable different forms of knowledge construction. Also accessing information from multiple information systems and integrating them into a knowledge portal are key issues in developing our system. Some tools are considered to be us...

in the latest decades, in west, human perception was precisely explored, and was questioned in some areas. tabatabaei took a realist position in epistemology. to defend his position, he began to study human knowledge and perception. to avoid skepticism, he gave great importance to intuitive knowledge and based human knowledge on it. intuitive knowledge is the knowledge of the soul of itself, it...

oral health problems, among the most prevalent comorbidities related to addiction, require more attention by both clinicians and policy-makers. our aims were to review oral complications associated with drugs, oral health care in addiction rehabilitation, health services available, and barriers against oral health promotion among addicts. drug abuse is associated with serious oral health proble...