Background: The mitochondria are an important source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in pre-implantation embryo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitrification and in vitro culture of mouse embryos on their mitochondrial distribution and ATP content. Methods: The embryos at 2-PN, 4-cell and blastocyst stages were collected from the oviduct of st...

Preincubation of sarcoplasmic reticulum with 1 mM-ATP completely inhibits Ca2+ accumulation and stimulates ATPase activity by over 2-fold. This effect of ATP is obtained only when the preincubation is carried out in the presence of Pi, but not with arsenate, chloride or sulphate. The inhibition by ATP of Ca2+ accumulation is pH-dependent, increasing as the pH is increased above 7.5. Inhibition ...

A procedure has been described for the purification of nucleoside diphosphatase from bovine liver microsomes. The purified enzyme is shown, by analysis in the ultracentrifuge and by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis, to be nearly homogeneous. The enzyme has an s20,u, of 4.9 S. Thiamine pyrophosphatase was purified together with nucleoside diphosphatase. Evidence has been obtained which in...

The immediate source for muscle contraction is delivered from splitting of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a ‘free’ phosphate ion (P). This reaction is very fast and does not normally limit energy turnover andmuscle performance. However, the ATP stores in the muscles are very limited. The whole ATP pool would be emptied in only a few seconds of muscle contraction...

CD39 is an extracellular ectonucleotidase highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that, sequentially with CD73, contributes to production of adenosine (Ado), via hydrolysis triphosphate (ATP). IPH5201 a blocking anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that may promote antitumor immunity by accumulating immunostimulatory ATP released necrotic cells and reducing immunosuppressive Ado lev...

Portulaca oleracea is a universal species with broad range of biological activities, including antioxidant and neuroprotective actions. The present study aimed to estimate the effect purslane ethanolic extract (PEE) aqueous (PAE) on depression model induced by reserpine. Methods: Seventy five male mice were divided into 5 groups (15 each). 1st group control (C), 2nd treated reserpine 0.1 mg/kg ...

To identify and isolate ATP binding and hydrolyzing sites of human red cell membranes we have synthesized a photo-activated ATP analog, 8-azido adenosine triphosphate (N(3)ATP). In the absence of ultraviolet light it is a substrate for both the Mg-ATPase and the ouabain-sensitive, Na,K-ATPase. Hydrolysis of N(3)ATP is prevented by increasing concentrations of ATP. Photolysis of N(3)ATP with red...