The mammalian cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins, CRABP-I and CRABP-II, bind retinoic acid which acts as an inducer of differentiation in several biological systems. To investigate a possible role for CRABP-II in bovine adipogenesis, we have cloned bovine CRABP-II cDNA and the coding region for CRABP-I. The predicted amino acid sequences of CRABP-II were highly conserved among several anim...

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase was isolated from guinea pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and partially purified from a high speed supernatant of a homogenate. 5-Hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid was a predominant reaction product. The enzyme reaction required specifically calcium ion (20 microM for half-maximal activity), and other divalent cations such as magnesium and cobal...

Identification of early mechanisms that may lead from obesity towards complications such as metabolic syndrome is of great interest. Here we performed lipidomic analyses of adipose tissue in twin pairs discordant for obesity but still metabolically compensated. In parallel we studied more evolved states of obesity by investigating a separated set of individuals considered to be morbidly obese. ...

For several years, lipids and especially n - 3 and n - 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) receive much attention in human health. Epidemiological studies tend to correlate a PUFA-rich diet with a reduced incidence of cancer, including breast cancer. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms supporting the effect of PUFAs in breast cancer cells remain relatively unknown. Here, we review ...

chicken has been used as a suitable model for lipid metabolism studies, because dietary modifications especially dietary fat type can change chicken body composition. fats act as a condense source of energy and certain fatty acids such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) are required for both animal and human health. the n-3 pufas, especially, eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic ...

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) metabolize polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids (PUFA-LC) to several classes of oxygenated metabolites. Through use of human recombinant CYPs, we recently showed that CYP1A1, -2C19, -2D6, -2E1, and -3A4 are mainly hydroxylases, whereas CYP1A2, -2C8, -2C9, and -2J2 are mainly epoxygenases of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (D...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) inhibits fat cell differentiation and may also mediate insulin resistance in adipocytes. Both TNF receptors are expressed in adipose tissue, but it is unknown how both receptors are involved in these biological functions. We therefore studied the effect of receptor-specific TNF muteins on adipose differentiation and insulin-stimulated glucose transport of in vi...

The content of n-3 (omega 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in fat tissue is an indicator of their long-term consumption. Therefore, a method for determining n-3 fatty acids in human fat tissue microbiopsies was validated and the stability of n-3 fatty acids in biopsies was checked under various conditions of storage. Methyl esters were prepared from 25 to 35 mg adipose tissue and separated by cap...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron vesicles released from many cell types, including adipocytes. EVs are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-driven cardiovascular disease, although the characteristics of adipocyte-derived EVs are not well described. We sought to define the characteristics of adipocyte-derived EVs before and after adipogenesis, hypothesising that adipogenesis would...