It is important for legal education to develop a student’s capability to reason what kind of right and duty relations come to exist as a result of an application of law to a concrete case problem. A legal knowledge base system which logically infers the legal state of affairs as a conclusion from law together with the facts of a case and which clearly shows the reasoning process, is to be a use...

Adversarial machine learning resides at the intersection of machine learning and computer security. Originally, machine learning techniques were designed for environments that do not assume the presence of an adversary. However, in the presence of intelligent adversaries, this working hypothesis is likely to be violated to at least to some degree, depending on the skillset of an adversary. A sk...

The quantum adversary method is one of the most versatile lower-bound methods for quantum algorithms. We show that all known variants of this method are equal: spectral adversary [BSS03], weighted adversary [Amb03], strong weighted adversary [Zha04], and the Kolmogorov complexity adversary [LM04]. We also present a few new equivalent formulations of the method. This shows that there is essentia...

the financial crisis have caused many writers to become concerned with the effectiveness of existing bankruptcy laws, which encompasses both the usefulness of reorganization and liquidation laws, as well as efficiency of the judicial system to uphold the laws in court. this concern accompanied in our legal system with the privatization movement has caused many banks owned by the government to b...

We study a multi-leader single-follower congestion game where multiple users (leaders) choose one resource out of set resources and, after observing the realized loads, an adversary (single-follower) attacks with maximum loads causing additional costs for leaders. For resulting strategic among leaders, we show that pure Nash equilibria fail to exist and therefore, consider approximate instead. ...

The number of radioactive materials used in radiological facilities around the world requires an effective security system to protect both facility and environment. In these facilities, a Physical Protection System (PPS) is routinely devised implemented from potential adversaries. A physical protection created for hypothetical site thus evaluated against harmful actions posed by possible attack...