Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) is applied to a practical three-dimensional shape optimization for aerodynamic design of an aircraft wing. Aerodynamic performances of the design candidates are evaluated by using the three-dimensional compressive Navier-Stokes equations. A structural constraint is introduced to avoid an apparent solution of zero thickness wing for low drag in high speeds. To overcom...

1. Summary Nonplanar wings offer the possibility of reduced drag compared with planar wings of the same span and lift. However, aircraft are not compared on the basis of drag with fixed span and lift, making the integration and assessment of nonplanar wing concepts complex. This paper deals with some of these issues. A brief review of several concepts from winglets to ring wings is followed by ...

In order to further reduce the aerodynamic drag of High-speed Electric Multiple Units (EMU), an active flow control reduction method combining air suction and blowing is proposed at rear EMU train. A numerical calculation based on realizable k-ε used investigate characteristics a three-car with speed 400 km/h. The influence different suction-blowing mass rates, position number ports surface pre...

The measurement of aerodynamic forces and moments acting on an aircraft model is important for the development of wind tunnel measurement technology to predict the performance of the full scale vehicle. The potentials of an aircraft model with and without winglet and aerodynamic characteristics with NACA wing No. 65-3218 have been studied using subsonic wind tunnel of 1 m × 1 m rectangular test...

Minimizing the aerodynamic drag and the lift of the train coach remains a key issue for high-speed trains. With the development of computing technology and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the engineering field, CFD has been successfully applied to the design process of high-speed trains. However, developing a new streamlined shape for high-speed trains with excellent aerodynamic performan...

Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) are noted for their small size and low-Reynolds number flight regime. Because they have small mass, they are attractive for use in sensing of toxic plumes. This mission requires high aerodynamic efficiency and the ability to be quickly and easily launched. A variable-sweep wing is investigated to meet these goals. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate that swee...