Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a common dietary contaminant, is a major risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early onset of HCC in some countries in Africa and South-East Asia indicates the importance of early life exposure. Placenta is the primary route for various compounds, both nutrients and toxins, from the mother to the fetal circulation. Furthermore, placenta contains enzymes for xenobio...

The fate and acute toxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were studied in the mastomys (Praomys coucha) and compared with Fischer rats. The experiment regarding the fate of [3H]AFB1 showed that the radioactivity was excreted mainly through the feces, more rapidly in the mastomys than in the rat, regardless of whether [3H]AFB1 was given orally or intravenously. The levels of radioactivity bound to the ...

BACKGROUND Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the principal hydroxylated AFB1 metabolite present in milk of cows fed with a diet contaminated with AFB1and excreted within 12 hours of administration of contaminated feeds. OBJECTIVE This study was initiated to assess the knowledge and practices of urban dairy farmers and feed millers about aflatoxin in feeds and milk, determine the prevalence and quantify ...

Aflatoxins are widely spread mycotoxins produced mainly by Aspergillus species. Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods and drinks causes serious health risks for people worldwide. It is well-known that the reactive epoxide metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) forms covalent adducts with serum albumin. However, non-covalent interactions of aflatoxins with human serum albumin (HSA) are poorly c...

The precise and rapid detection of hazardous molecules, microorganisms, pollutants, toxins currently remains a global challenge. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is toxic dangerous product fungi that considered as cancerogenic, mutagenic, immunosuppressive for humans animals. Therefore, the screening AFB1 in food beverages plays an important role preventing foodborne illnesses. In this study, molecules were...

Cofermentation of Aspergillus parasiticus strains (SRRC 163 and SRRC 2043) blocked at different steps in the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) biosynthetic pathway in a synthetic liquid medium or on seeds (cottonseed, corn kernels, and peanuts) resulted in production of AFB1. Strain SRRC 2043 accumulated O-methylsterigmatocystin (OMST), a late precursor in AFB1 biosynthesis, whereas SRRC 163 accumulated aver...

the aims of the present study was to evaluate the level of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) in feedstuffs (corn silage, corn, dried alfalfa, cottonseed meal, cottonseed, soybean meal, canola meal, barley, wheat bran, concentrate, sugar beet pulp and wheat straw) that collected from dairy herds in khorasan razavi province that classified according to milk yield in very high (>10000 kg/day), high (5000-10000 ...

In this study, the production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was investigated in toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus with respect to expression of aflR, veA and laeA genes that are involved to toxins production. A. flavus strains were cultured in YES broth at 28 °C for 4 days and the presence of (AFB1) and (CPA) was confirmed and measured by TLC and HPLC. The exp...

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is formed when animals ingest feed contaminated with aflatoxin B1. The AFB1, once ingested by the animal, is rapidly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and is transformed into the metabolite AFM1, which appears in the blood after 15 minutes and is then secreted in the milk by the mammary gland (Van Egmond, 1989; Battaco...

Aflatoxins(AF) are highly poisonous secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They have been found in moldy human food and animal feeds and have been implicated in numerous animal disorders. A. parasiticus produces four major aflatoxins: B1 , B2 , G1 and G2 , while AFB1 is the most toxic in the group and the toxicity is in the order of B1 > G1 > B2 > G2. ...