Humans and animals are exposed to aflatoxins, toxic carcinogenic fungal metabolites, through consumption of contaminated food and feed. Aspergillus flavus, the primary causal agent of crop aflatoxin contamination, is composed of phenotypically and genotypically diverse vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Molecular data suggest that VCGs largely behave as clones with certain VCGs exhibiting ...

introduction: in respect of underground cultivation, production and consumption wheat is the major alimentary seed in iran. the contamination of wheat to fungi especially aspergillus flavous (the most important aflatoxin producer in nature) and aflatoxin is a risky factor to community health. the aim of this study was to identify aspergillus flavous and aflatoxins in the stored wheat of mazanda...

Aflatoxin contamination of nuts is an increasing concern to the consumer's health. Portugal is a big producer of almonds, but there is no scientific knowledge on the safety of those nuts, in terms of mycotoxins. The aim of this paper was to study the incidence of aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin contamination of 21 samples of Portuguese almonds, and its evolution throughout the various stages ...

This study reviews available information on the economics and efficacy of aflatoxin risk-reduction interventions, and it provides an approach for analysis of the cost-effectiveness of public health interventions to reduce aflatoxin-induced human disease. Many strategies have been developed to reduce aflatoxin or its adverse effects in the body. However, a question that has been under-addressed ...

The aim of the present investigation was to check natural aflatoxin contamination and aflatoxigenic potential of Aspergillus flavus strains isolated from chilgoza pine nuts. Fifty eight samples of chilgoza pine nuts, randomly purchased from retail shops and local markets of different locations of Jammu, were subjected to mycological analysis for isolation of Aspergillus flavus isolates using st...

Executive Summary Senegal is one of the lead producers of groundnuts, also known as peanuts, in the world. Since groundnuts are a cash crop and food crop in Senegal, their production contributes significantly to food security, poverty reduction, livestock feeding, and national trade development. In response to rising global food prices in early 2008, the Government of Senegal (GOS) supported in...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of a proficiency testing program among limited number of local laboratories as an alternative to the IUPAC/CITAC guide on proficiency testing with a limited number of participants, specially where international schemes are not accessible. As a sample scheme we planned to determine aflatoxins (B1, G1, B2, G2, total) in Iranian pistachio matrix. A...

Aflatoxin contamination costs the U.S. peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) industry over $20 million annually. The development of peanut cultivars with resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination (PAC) would reduce these costs. Screening techniques have been developed that can measure genetic differences in aflatoxin contamination and they have been used to identify accessions that exhibited rela...