In this paper we report on the collection of fine (PM1) and ultrafine (PM0.1), or nanoparticulate, carbonaceous materials using thermophoretic precipitation onto silicon monoxide/formvar-coated 3 mm grids which were examined in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). We characterize and compare diesel particulate matter (DPM), tire particulate matter (TPM), wood burning particulate matter, ...

Ammonium nitrate and several organic compounds such as dicarboxylic acids (e.g. succinic acid, glutaric acid), some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) or some n-alkanes are semi-volatile. The transition of these compounds between the gas and particulate phase may significantly change the aerosol particles radiative properties, the heterogeneous chemical properties, and, naturally, the total...

Soluble and insoluble fractions of the Jet Rock sedimentary organic matter have been subjected to hydropyrolysis to evaluate their biomarker content. Hydropyrolysis is the temperature-programmed pyrolysis of organic matter in an open system fixed bed reactor under high hydrogen pressure in the presence of a sulfided molybdenum catalyst. The hydrocarbon products contain fossil lipids and biomark...

Forests worldwide store large quantities of carbon (C), particularly in soils as soil organic C (SOC). In northeastern China, two dominant forest types, secondary mixed (MF) and larch plantation (LF), cover extensive areas. However, we lack an understanding the patterns mechanisms SOC storage stabilization MF LF, especially deep layers. This research aims to illustrate vertical distribution min...

the rehabilitation of sandy desertified land in various dryland ecosystems by different management practices has a great potential to increase aggregate stability and improve soil quality. however, plants in general may have a different ability to sustain soil. the objective was to determine the effects of reclamation practices including haloxylon ammodendron and atriplex canescens plantation o...

As part of the Western Arctic Shelf–Basin Interactions (SBI) project, the production and fate of organic carbon and nitrogen from the Chukchi and Beaufort Sea shelves were investigated during spring (5 May–15 June) and summer (15 July–25 August) cruises in 2002. Seasonal observations of suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) and large-particle (453mm) size class suggest t...

Cold-water corals release organic matter, in particular mucus, but its role in the ecological functioning of reef ecosystems is still poorly understood. The present study investigates the planktonic microbial degradation of mucus released by Lophelia pertusa colonies from Tisler Reef, Skagerrak. Results are compared to the degradation of dissolved and particulate organic substrates, including t...

Phosphorus (P) regeneration and transformation in the oceanic water column and in marine sediments depends on the chemical nature of the sinking particulate P pool. For the first time, we have characterized the molecular composition of this pool, in various oceanic settings and water depths, using P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Both inorganic P (orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, ...

The relationship of bronchitic symptoms to ambient particulate matter and to particulate elemental and organic carbon (OC), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and other gaseous pollutants was examined in a cohort of children with asthma in 12 Southern California communities. Symptoms, assessed yearly by questionnaire from 1996 to 1999, were associated with the yearly variability of particulate matter with...

Indoor air pollution is an increasing health concern, especially in enclosed environments such as underground subway stations because of increased global usage by urban populations. This study measured the indoor air quality of underground platforms at 10 metro stations of the Taipei Rapid Transit system (TRTS) in Taiwan, including humidity, temperature, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO...