Aspergillus flavus is one of the major producers of aflatoxin and can contaminate wide range of agricultural commodities either in field or in storage. 15 presumptive Aspergillus flavus has been isolated from 30 feed and grain samples. All the isolates were morphologically similar to Aspergillus flavus type strains. All the isolates were found to be aflatoxigenic. DNA sequencing of 5.8 s rDNA c...

In this article, we seek to present the synthesis of global ethanol market in United States (US) and Brazil by using caloric equivalence empirically characterize elasticity supply demand. We also evaluate relationship between world production prices agricultural commodities (wheat, rice, corn, soybeans sugar) from 1981 2016 climate-induced yield shocks as instrumental variables. The main result...

..................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 1. The current literature on agricultural value chain and the lack of attention to the welfare implications of risk.....