crop residue is a non-chemical method of weed control in agricultural sustainable systems. this research was conducted at the alarogh site of ardabilto evaluate the effect of integrated use of mulch and herbicide on weed emergence and growth in potato in 2007. treatments were four levels herbicide including: (1) paraquat [n,n'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride] herbicide as pre-pl...

Carrot (Dacus carota var. sativus) is one of the top-ten most economically important vegetable crops produced worldwide, and the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are one of the most important pests in the carrot. In Korea, M. hapla and M. incognita are presumed to be the major root-knot nematodes distributing mostly in open carrot fields and greenhouses, respectively. In our study, curren...

There are two main environmental problems in Moldova. Olle problem is a continues overexploitation and degradation of the environment linked to the low incomes of the population, and another problem is a forest dec1inelinked to the effects of air pollution. Thus, there is an urgent need for both the economic growth to improve the low incomes and for the reduction of air pollution to improve hea...

In this paper, the role of crop specialization and diversification in the process of agricultural transformation is empirically investigated for the case of Punjab. The analytical innovation of this paper is that changes in aggregate land productivity are structurally associated with inter-crop, inter-district, and inter-household reallocation of land use. This structural association enables us...

Present paper is an application study of intuitionistic fuzzy optimization technique in agricultural production planning problem particularly a case of smallholder farmer in north Bihar, India. Generally, the crop planning problem is formulated as linear programming problems. but in realistic situation there are many uncertain factors in agricultural production planning problems and hence futur...

Weeds are a major obstacle to successful crop production in organic farming. Producers may be able to reduce inputs for weed management by designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Population-based management in conventional farming has reduced herbicide use by 50% because weed density declines in cropland across time. In this paper, we suggest a 9-year rotation comprised of ...

Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences (SPKCES), Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), #381 Songhak-dong, ...

Agricultural productivity levels depend on the adoption of (improved) agricultural technologies, among other aspects. However, the use of improved technologies in Mozambique is still very limited. Data from the National Agricultural Survey of 2012, known as Inquérito Agrícola Integrado, show that less than 3% of smallholder farmers used inorganic fertilizers, 6% used pesticides, 9% used improve...

Plant diseases cause significant reductions in agricultural productivity worldwide. Disease symptoms have deleterious effects on the growth and development of crop plants, limiting yields and making agricultural products unfit for consumption. For many plant-pathogen systems, we lack knowledge of the physiological mechanisms that link pathogen infection and the production of disease symptoms in...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the progress and regional variations of crop production in Bangladesh. The secondary data were used and collected for the years 1980-81 to 2002-03 from the ‘Statistical Yearbooks of Bangladesh’, ‘Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics’ and population census of different years. The study was conducted during the period from September 2006 to February 2008. A...