The purpose of present study is to investigate the dynamic response of two conventional types of solid oxide fuel cells to the inlet air mass flow rate variation. A dynamic compartmental model based on CFD principles is developed for two typical planar and tubular SOFC designs. The model accounts for transport processes (heat and mass transfer), diffusion processes, electrochemical processes, a...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze in terms of security the complexity of European Air Transport after the 2001 terrorist attack, taking into account Total Factor Productivity (T.F.P.) change. Our approach regards European Air Transport as a complex system of airplanes, airports and control. The investigation is based on recent data from the Amadeus database for the largest European (EU-27...

Freely propagating and counterflow laminar premixed steady hydrogen/air and methane/air flames are investigated numerically using complex chemistry and detailed transport models. All the transport coefficients in the mixture, including thermal diffusion coefficients, are evaluated using cost-effective, accurate algorithms derived recently by the authors from the kinetic theory of gases. Our num...

Satellite sensors have provided new datasets for monitoring regional and urban air quality. Satellite sensors provide comprehensive geospatial information on air quality with both qualitative imagery and quantitative data, such as aerosol optical depth. Yet there has been limited application of these new datasets in the study of air pollutant sources relevant to public policy. One promising app...

Plant water transport occurs through interconnected xylem conduits that are separated by partially digested regions in the cell wall known as pit membranes. These structures have a dual function. Their porous construction facilitates water movement between conduits while limiting the spread of air that may enter the conduits and render them dysfunctional during a drought. Pit membranes have bee...

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE Modelling of the fate of environmental chemicals can be done by relatively simple multi-media box models or using complex atmospheric transport models. It was the aim of this work to compare the results obtained for both types of models using a small set of non-ionic and non-polar or moderately polar organic chemicals, known to be distributed over long distances. MAT...

Developments for air cycle systems with respect to special requirements concerning the use of compression and expansion machines for transport refrigeration are discussed in this paper. Historic aspects are mentioned briefly and the present situation in Germany is sketched in the example of an air cycle air-conditioning system for the new generation of the German high speed train ICE 2.2. In or...

Realistic geometry of human upper airways from mouth to the end of trachea was reconstructed by implementing the CT-Scan images of a male subject.   A computational model for analyzing the airflow in the airways was developed and several simulations were performed.  To capture the anisotropy of the inhaled airflow in the upper airways, the Reynolds stress transport model of turbulence was used ...

The field of air traffic management (ATM) has a strong interdisciplinary nature, combining of technological, management, economic and regulatory aspects. The fully understanding of the structure and dynamics underlying the system continues to be significant challenges in the field. Here we present a novel framework for the study of the structure and dynamics of the air transport system building...