Introduction: Geologically recent volcanism on Mars [1-4] can be well explained with mantle convection and plumes [5-7]. Most of these studies have assumed single layer convection in Martian mantle. However, a layered Martian mantle has been suggested in the model of magma ocean and mantle overturn [8]. The possible effects of such stratification on the early volcanism, magnetic dynamo, and the...

Nowhere on the present-day Earth can the transition from a continental to an oceanic rift be observed and studied better than in the Red Sea region, where three rifts in different stages of evolution meet in a triple point located in the Afar region. A thermal and/or compositional mantle plume may have risen from the upper mantle below Afar already at *30 Ma, and may have triggered, at least in...

Depression continues to be a major global health problem. Although antidepressants are used for its treatment, efficacy is often inconsistent. Thus, the search for alternative therapeutic medicines for its treatment is still important. In this study, the antidepressant-like effect of Pseudospondias microcarpa extract (30-300 mg kg(-1), p.o.) was investigated in two predictive models of depressi...

Increased oxidative stress contributes to the functional impairment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), the pivotal players in the servicing of the endothelial cell lining. Several evidences suggest that decreasing oxidative stress by natural compounds with antioxidant properties may improve EPCs bioactivity. Here, we investigated the effects of Lisosan G (LG), a Triticum Sativum grain powd...

We have previously presented a model for the distribution and transport of rare gases within the Earth [1,2,3,4] which explains the available observational data for mantle He, Ne, Ar, and Xe isotope compositions and provides specific prdctions regarding the rare gas isotopic compositions of the lower mantle, interactions between rare gas reservoirs, and mantle rare gas concentrations. Here we d...

In fall 2000, an on-farm sustainable agricultural research project was established for cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in Tift County, Georgia. The objective of our 2-yr research project was to determine the impact of several cover crops on pest and predator insects in cotton. The five cover crop treatments included 1) cereal rye, Secale cereale L., a standard grass cover crop; 2) crimson clover...

consumption of '2C-CH4. Such fractionation may occur to dissolve methane transported more slowly through the 7-to 25-cm-thick sedinent cover over-lying the methane production zone via molecular diffusion or to mthane bubbles that become lodged in overyling sulfate-reducing sediments between low-tide bubbling episodes. Gas bubble methane transport in our site accounts for approximately 84% of th...

Xe, produced from the radioactive decay of extinct I, and Xe, produced from extinct Pu and extant U, have provided important constraints on early mantle outgassing and volatile loss from Earth. The low ratios of radiogenic to non-radiogenic xenon (Xe/Xe) in ocean island basalts (OIBs) compared to mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) have been used as evidence for the existence of a relatively undega...

Haleakala volcano on East Maui, Hawaii, consists of a tholeiitic basalt shield which grades into a younger alkalic series that was followed by a post-erosional alkalic series. Fresh, stratigraphically controlled samples from the three volcanic series were analyzed for major element abundances, Sr and Nd isotopic ratios and trace element (K, Rb, Sr, Ba, Th, Ta, Nb, REE, Hf, Zr, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni...

Heart J 10: 1025, 1934 32. Prinzmetal M, Kennamer R, Maxwell M: Studies on the mechanism of ventricular activation. VIII. The genesis of the coronary QS wave in through-and-through infarction. Am J Med 17: 610, 1954 33. Cowley MJ, Mantle JA, Rogers WJ, Russell RG, Rackley CE, Logic JR: Technetium 99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy. Reliability and limitations in assessment of ac...