Resistance to allopurinol in zoonotic canine leishmaniasis has been recently shown to be associated with disease relapse in naturally-infected dogs. However, information regarding the formation of resistance and its dynamics is lacking. This study describes the successful in-vitro induction of allopurinol resistance in Leishmania infantum cultured under increasing drug pressure. Allopurinol sus...

Daily p.o. administration of 300 mg allopurinol to cancer patients almost completely inhibited the production of 6-thiouric acid from i.v. administered 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) (1000 to 1250 mg). Nonetheless, no effect was observable on the pharmacokinetics of 6-MP in these patients. Applying a two-compartment open model, values for distribution and elimination half-times and inner and outer vol...

BACKGROUND The use of allopurinol in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains one of the most controversial areas in gout management. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of baseline kidney function on safety and efficacy of allopurinol dose escalation to achieve serum urate (SU) <6 mg/dl. METHODS We undertook a post hoc analysis of a 24-month allopurinol dose escalation ...

Background Allopurinol has been reported as the most frequent causes of SCARs (severe cutaneous adverse reactions) in Thailand. Recent publications have shown that HLAB*58:01 allele is a strong marker for allopurinol-induced SJS/TEN (Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis). The aim of this study was to clarify the association of allopurinol-induced SCARs with the HLA-B*58:01 allele...

Injectable polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microspheres are nonbiodegradable and too large for macrophage phagocytosis. There are several complications possible to happen, like chronic nonspecific inflammatory reactions, lip stiffness, infection, and granulomas. The occurrence of granulomas can lead to a not aesthetic result, making some extreme changes in the patient's life. The objective of thi...

The effects of allopurinol on the induction of bladder cancer by N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT), excretion of urinary tryptophan metabolites, hepatic nitroreductase activity, and the acid-soluble thiol content of liver and blood in weanling female Fischer rats were investigated. Four groups of rats were given normal diet or normal diet supplemented with 0.005% allopurinol,...

BACKGROUND Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by allopurinol increases hypoxanthine and xanthine, which are converted to purines, including the inhibitory neuromodulator adenosine. AIM We aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effects of allopurinol in thermal and chemical pain models in mice and to evaluate its possible antinociceptive mechanism by using selective adenosine receptors A1, A2A a...