There is mounting evidence showing that mitochondrial damage plays an important role in Alzheimer disease. Increased oxygen species generation and deficient mitochondrial dynamic balance have been suggested to be the reason as well as the consequence of Alzheimer-related pathology. Mitochondrial damage has been related to amyloid-beta or tau pathology or to the presence of specific presenilin-1...

Many lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress is important in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. In particular, beta-amyloid, which is found abundantly in the brains of Alzheimer disease patients, is toxic in neuronal cell cultures through a mechanism involving free radicals. Vitamin E prevents the oxidative damage induced by beta-amyloid in cell culture and delays memory deficits in...

See related article, pages 345–350. Stroke and Alzheimer disease are major public health burdens that account for substantial disability and extensive cost.1,2 In addition, these diseases currently tie as the third most common cause of death in the United States,3 and both will become more important as life expectancy increases. Annually, 15 million people worldwide experience a stroke, of whic...

5-HIAA in the caudate nucleus (Alzheimer, 3.2 f 1.7; control, 5.2k2.3; P< 0.01), HVA in the caudate nucleus (Alzheimer, 13.5k5.0; control, 24.6k7.3; P<O.OI) and HVA in putamen (Alzheimer, 2.3 k0.9; control, 4.7k2.6; P<0.002). The highest CSF concentration of HVA is in the lateral ventricles, which are adjacent to the dopamine-rich caudate nucleus. Therefore, it seems likely that the CSF deficit...

Neuropathologic changes in the temporal lobe, including focal atrophy of the subiculum and entorhinal cortex, have been described in association with Alzheimer disease. We studied the usefulness of detecting temporal-lobe structural changes on CT in making the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. The dementia imaging protocol we use includes thin-section (5 mm) cuts of the temporal lobe oriented 20 ...

Although epidemiological data associate hypertension with a strong predisposition to develop Alzheimer disease, no mechanistic explanation exists so far. We developed a model of hypertension, obtained by transverse aortic constriction, leading to alterations typical of Alzheimer disease, such as amyloid plaques, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and cognitive impairment, shown...

Although epidemiological data associate hypertension with a strong predisposition to develop Alzheimer disease, no mechanistic explanation exists so far. We developed a model of hypertension, obtained by transverse aortic constriction, leading to alterations typical of Alzheimer disease, such as amyloid plaques, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and cognitive impairment, shown...

background: alzheimer’s disease was known as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly and is characterized by dementia and severe neuronal loss in the some regions of brain such as nucleus basalis magnocellularis. it plays an important role in the brain functions such as learning and memory. loss of cholinergic neurons of nucleus basalis magnocellularis by ibotenic acid can commo...

All patients attending the Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders have detailed family histories taken by a geneticist. To date, genetic histories are available for 446 consecutive, unrelated individuals. Of these, 151 (33.9%) are diagnosed as having "probable" (N = 141) or "autopsy-confirmed" (N = 10) Alzheimer disease according to recognized criteria. This data base represents a r...